高速铁路对周边区域土地利用时空变化的影响

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1674-0696.2015.04.26

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 为了获得高速铁路对土地利用变化的影响情况，以京津城际高速铁路为例，基于RS和GIS技术，以2003年、2009年、2013年3期遥感数据(TM和OLI)和铁路矢量数据为基础，从整体和局部研究近10年来京津城际沿线区域的土地利用时空动态变化。首先，采用分层提取法对图像进行解译，将土地利用类型分为5种，分别是居民地、水域、耕地、林地和未利用地；其次，从整体上分析了土地利用变化幅度、动态度、分形维数、多样性和破碎度；最后，建立缓冲区半径为1 km间隔的20个缓冲区，从局部分析通州-武清段土地利用动态变化情况，分析缓冲距离与土地利用变化的相互关系。结果表明：京津城际铁路周边最主要的土地利用类型为耕地，从2003—2013年一直在减少，形状越来越规则，而随着居民地不断增加，动态度在2009—2013年大于2003—2009年，破碎度指数呈下降趋势，景观多样性指数呈递增趋势。从总体上看，离铁路距离越近的缓冲区，土地利用的变化幅度越大。

关键词: 管理工程, 高速铁路, 遥感, 时空变化, 土地利用

Abstract: In order to gain the changes in land use induced by the construction of the high-speed railway, an analysis of temporal and spatial dynamic changes of land use along the BeijingTianjin intercity highspeed railway during the past 10 years was studied in global and local angle as an example. The analysis was based on RS and GIS technology, and three sets of remote sensing data from 2003, 2009, 2013 (TM and OLI) and railway vector data were used. First, the image was interpreted by layered extraction method to divide land use types into 5 categories including residential area, waters, farmland, forestland, and unused land. Then, the change amplitude, dynamic degree, fractal dimension, diversity and fragmentation degree of land use were analyzed in a global sense. Finally, 20 buffer areas with the radius of 1 km were established, and the dynamic change of land use in TongzhouWuqing segment was analyzed locally, and the correlation between land use variation and the buffer area was analyzed.The results showed that the main land use type was farmland in the ambitus of the Beijing-Tianjin intercity high-speed railway. The number of the farmland decreased from 2003 to 2013, and the shape became more regularly. However, the residential area increased continuously.Its dynamic degree raised from 2009 to 2013 compared with the period from 2003 to 2009, and its fragmentation degreewas in a decline trend. The landscape diversity index increased progressively. In general, the closer the distance between buffer area and railway was, the larger the change amplitude of land use was.

Key words: management engineering, high-speed railway, remote sensing, spatial-temporal change, land use

中图分类号:

TP79
U29

国巧真，蒋卫国，王志恒. 高速铁路对周边区域土地利用时空变化的影响[J]. 重庆交通大学学报（自然科学版）, 2015, 34(4): 133-139.

Guo Qiaozhen, Jiang Weiguo, Wang Zhiheng. Effect of High-Speed Railway on the Spatial-Temporal Changes of Surrounding Area Land Use[J]. Journal of Chongqing Jiaotong University(Natural Science), 2015, 34(4): 133-139.

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