Abstract: Taking the TX210C hydraulic excavator as the research object, a multi-functional bucket structure design that could carry out front shovel, backhoe and clamping without changing the bucket was proposed. The virtual prototype model was established by Pro-E and ADAMS software, and on this basis, the structure design, kinematics and dynamics simulation analysis of the working device were carried out. Finally, the variation curve of the force at each hinge point and at each hydraulic cylinder were obtained. The results show that the difference between the theoretical size and actual size of the maximum digging radius, maximum digging depth and maximum digging height of the excavator is very small, and the force change is consistent with the actual working conditions, which can realize the conversion between the front and back shovel of the multifunctional bucket and the clamping action of the material.

Key words: mechanical engineering; hydraulic excavator; multifunctional bucket; working device; simulation

摘要： 以TX210C型液压挖掘机为研究对象，提出一种不更换铲斗仍能进行正铲、反铲和夹持等工作的多功能铲斗结构设计。通过Pro-E和ADAMS软件建立其虚拟样机模型，并在此基础上对工作装置进行了结构设计以及运动学和动力学仿真分析，最终获得了各铰接点处的受力情况和各液压缸力的变化曲线。结果表明：挖掘机工作中的最大挖掘半径、最大挖掘深度和最大挖掘高度的理论尺寸与实际尺寸差别很小，力的变化与实际工作状况相符，可以实现多功能铲斗正反铲之间的转换以及物料的夹持动作。

关键词: 机械工程；液压挖掘机；多功能铲斗；工作装置；仿真