Abstract: 如果设计合理，施工规范，即使在诸如北海或北极那样的恶劣环境下，近海混凝土构筑物也能发挥关键作用。 该类近海构筑物大多应用于石油与天然气行业。已经研发了一种技术用于该类承担巨大荷载的钢筋混凝土结构的 设计与施工，包括集成设计、规范施工技术及重视施工管理。在近海的海洋环境中有无数的普通混凝土构筑物，如 历经了近一个世纪的码头与桥梁等。从这类构筑物的设计与施工中所获得的经验可以应用于新型混凝土构筑物的 设计与施工之中，重点阐述了如何利用传统混凝土构筑物平台技术实现超长海底隧道的设计与施工，也证明了该类 技术是可行的、得到公认的，其中所需的很多要素都曾得到过应用。

Key words: 海洋结构, 混凝土, 隧道

摘要： When properly odesigned and built，the offshore concrete structures do a very good job for their owners，often in harsh environments like the North Sea or the Arctic． Most of these structures are serving the oil and gas industry． A skill has been developed for designing and building these severely loaded，heavily reinforced structures，including the skill of integrating design and construction properly，and understanding the importance of good construction management． There are numerous more ordinary concrete structures in the marine environment near the shore，such as docks and bridges，that have been erected over a period of more than a century． The experience gained from the design and construction of these structures may be utilized in new applications． In particular the application of traditional concrete platform technology to make ultra long subsea tunnels feasible is described． It is demonstrated that the technology is available and known; many of the elements required have been used before．

关键词: marine structures, concrete, tunnels