Performance Simulation and Analysis of the United Braking System of Tractor Semi-trailer

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1674-0696.2016.05.32

Abstract

Abstract: To analyze the performance of united braking system of tractor semi-trailer,first, several models were established including a seven DOF dynamic model of tractor-semitrailer, a nonlinear tire model and a brake system model. Simulations were carried out to research the influences of hydraulic retarder and united brake system on the brake stability of a tractor-semitrailer under different working conditions. From the simulation results, several conclusions are obtained as follows.The higher adhesion coefficient is, the better brake stability hydraulic retarder is achieved.Hydraulic retarder should be used with caution on slippery road. Higher gear of the hydraulic retarder cannot be used directly when the tractor-semitrailer is on a high speed in order to prevent over impact on the tractor caused by the semitrailer, or it will lead the tractor to sideslip and the semitrailer to fold. Higher gear of the hydraulic retarder cannot be used when the tractor-semitrailer is under unloaded condition in order to prevent lock of drive shaft and occurring instability.First gear of the hydraulic retarder can be directly used under full load condition and higher gear can be used when the speed is not too high.The united brake system can effectively improve brake efficiency and maintain favorable brake stability when the demand for brake intensity is normal. The hydraulic retarder will not significantly improve brake efficiency and will aggravate instability of the tractor-semitrailer under emergency brake condition.

Key words: vehicle engineering, united braking system, tractor-semitrailer, simulation, retarder, service brake

摘要： 为研究半挂汽车列车联合制动系统性能，建立了七自由度的半挂汽车列车整车动力学模型、非线性轮胎模型和制动系统模型，对液力缓速器以及联合制动系统在不同使用工况下的半挂汽车列车制动稳定性的影响进行了仿真分析。仿真结果表明：路面附着系数越高，液力缓速器的制动稳定性越好；湿滑路面应慎用液力缓速器；列车高速行驶时，不可直接使用液力缓速器高档，防止半挂车对牵引车冲击过大造成牵引车侧滑和列车折叠；列车在空载状态下也不可使用液力缓速器高档，以免使驱动轴抱死侧滑；满载状态下可直接使用液力缓速器恒速档，在车速不高的情况下，可以使用液力缓速器高档制动；当制动强度需求不高时，联合制动系统可以有效提高列车的制动效能，并保持良好的制动稳定性；而当列车紧急制动时，液力缓速器对制动效能的提高不明显，且会加剧列车失稳。

关键词: 车辆工程, 联合制动系统, 半挂汽车列车, 仿真分析, 液力缓速器, 行车制动器

CLC Number:

U461.91

HE Ren，SHEN Xiaomin. Performance Simulation and Analysis of the United Braking System of Tractor Semi-trailer[J]. Journal of Chongqing Jiaotong University(Natural Science), 2016, 35(5): 165-173.

何仁，申小敏. 半挂汽车列车联合制动系统性能仿真分析[J]. 重庆交通大学学报（自然科学版）, 2016, 35(5): 165-173.

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