Abstract: In order to solve a series of problems such as unreasonable coverage and high operation cost of public transportation network, two modes of public transport, namely, rapid transit and ground conventional transit were classified and discussed. Therefore, it was imperative to optimize the multi-mode bus network of urban road network. By analyzing the spatial shape of rectangular city and considering the structural characteristics of road network structure, a multi-objective optimization model of public traffic network was constructed, which aimed at minimizing the operation cost of public transport and the average travel time of residents. Taking the main urban area of Zhongshan city as the research object, the key parameters, such as travel time, transfer loss time and waiting time, were obtained based on the actual survey data. The proposed optimization model was solved by using MATLAB simulation software. Suggested values of horizontal and longitudinal distance between bus stops in Zhongshan City under different average travel distances of different residents were given. The study shows that through the model optimization, the average travel time of residents is reduced from 39 minutes to 36.5 minutes, which reduces by 6%, and the cost of bus operation is reduced by 12.7%. The proposed optimization model can provide reference and basis for the optimization of public transport network in rectangular road network cities.

Key words: traffic and transportation engineering, public transit network layout, urban spatial shape, stop interval, multi- objective optimization, multi-mode transit

摘要： 针对公交线网覆盖不合理、运行成本高等一系列问题，对快速公交与地面常规公交两种公共交通出行方式进行分类讨论，认为对城市道路网络多模式公交线网进行优化势在必行。通过对矩形城市空间形状进行分析，兼顾道路网络结构特征，构建了以公交运行成本最小、居民平均出行时间最少为优化目标的多目标公交线网优化模型；选取中山市主城区作为研究对象，结合实际调研数据得到乘车时间、换乘损失时间、候车时间等关键参数，运用MATLAB仿真软件对优化模型进行求解，给出不同居民平均出行距离下中山市公交站点的横向线路、纵向线路间距的建议值。研究表明：通过模型优化使得居民平均出行时间由39 min减少至36.5 min，减少了6%，公交运行成本降低了12.7%；该优化模型可以为矩型道路网城市的公交线网优化提供参考与依据。

关键词: 交通运输工程, 公交线网布局, 城市空间形状, 站点间距, 多目标优化, 多模式公交