Abstract: In order to reduce the damage of overloaded transport vehicles to rural roads, reduce the additional maintenance costs of rural roads due to overloading and guarantee the service quality of rural roads, the overloaded-truck-control-station was taken as the base to carry out mobile overload control on rural roads. In order to achieve the monitoring and overloading control of all overloaded road sections at the minimum cost, the cruise route optimization model based on the overloaded-truck-control-station was established, which determined the number and the location of overloaded-truck-control-station at the same time. Then a two-stage nested ant colony algorithm was designed to solve the location-routing problem with large-scale candidate point set and uncertain maximum number of settable facilities. A case study was carried out by using the actual data. The results show that: the overloaded-truck-control-stations are located in areas with abundant mineral resources and dense construction sites, where large trucks such as mineral trucks and slag trucks are often overloaded. The cruise routes of enforcement vehicles consist of several provincial and county trunk roads with large truck flow.

Key words: traffic and transportation engineering, location, routing, nested ant colony algorithm, overloaded-truck-control-station, rural roads, enforcement vehicle

摘要： 为了降低超载运输车辆对农村公路的损坏，保证农村公路的服务质量和减少农村公路因超载产生的额外养护费用，以治超站为基地对农村公路实施移动治超。为了以最小成本实现所有超载路段的监控和超载治理，构建了同时确定治超站数量、治超站选址以及以治超站为基地治超车的巡游路径优化模型；针对具有大规模候选点集和最大可设置设施数不确定的选址-路径问题，设计了二级嵌套的蚁群算法对模型求解；利用实际数据进行案例分析。结果表明：治超站被选在矿产资源丰富、施工场地密集的地区，周边矿运货车和渣土车的超载运输现象明显；治超车的巡游路线包含多条货车流量大的省县干道。

关键词: 交通运输工程, 选址, 路径, 嵌套蚁群算法, 治超站, 农村公路, 治超车