Abstract: Aiming at the problem that composite material anti-collision device was easy to cause failure of connection and loss of protective performance, a new connection structure was proposed. Firstly, the most disadvantageous force state of the connection structure under static load and impact load was determined. Furthermore, the basic mechanical properties of the materials were tested. The orthotropic constitutive model was defined based on the experimental results. Then, the optimal construction parameters of connection structure were analyzed. Finally, the tensile strength test of the connection structure was carried out to verify the accuracy of numerical calculation and to determine the failure mode and load. Research results show that mechanical properties of FRP materials are orthotropic. The transverse average tensile strength is 332 MPa, tensile modulus is 2.99 GPa and the longitudinal average tensile strength is 350 MPa, tensile modulus is 3.32 GPa. The most disadvantageous state of the connection structure is tension under the static and impact loads for tension, compression and shear. The deformation characteristic is that the angular of slot root increases and the pin has a tendency to be pulled out. Connection performance is the best when the ratio of the root width of slot tooth plate to the width of pin tooth plate is 0.8 and the internal rotation angle of slot tooth plate is 6 ° to 8 °. The tensile capacity of single pin connection under optimal construction is 1 290 kN and the maximum stress is 341 MPa. The tensile stiffness of scale test model is 428.5 kN/m. The calculation value of tensile failure load of scale test model is 22.5 kN and the measured value is 22 kN. The failure mode is that the root of the slot is torn and the pin is pulled out.

Key words: bridge engineering, FRP, anti-collision device, connection structure, structural test, numerical simulation

摘要： 针对复合材料防撞装置易出现连接失效从而丧失防护性能，提出一种新型连接结构。首先确定连接结构在静力与冲击荷载下最不利受力状态；进而对组成结构的材料开展基本力学性能试验，并根据试验结果定义正交各向异性本构；分析连接结构最优构造参数；最后进行拉伸强度试验，验证数值计算结果的准确性并确定结构破坏方式与破坏荷载。研究结果表明：复合材料力学性能表现为各向异性，横向平均拉伸强度为332 MPa，拉伸模量为2.99 GPa，纵向平均拉伸强度为350 MPa，拉伸模量为3.32 GPa；在拉、压、剪静力与冲击作用下连接结构均表现为受拉最为不利，变形特点为插槽边齿板转角增大，插销有拨出趋势；插槽齿板根部宽度与插销齿板宽度比取0.8，插槽齿板内转角取6°~8°，连接性能最优；最优构造下单销连接抗拉能力为1 290 kN，最大应力为341 MPa；缩尺试验模型整体抗拉刚度为428.5 kN/m，拉伸破坏荷载有限元计算值为22.5 kN，试验值为22 kN，破坏方式为齿板根部撕裂，插销被拨出。

关键词: 桥梁工程, FRP, 防撞装置, 连接结构, 结构试验, 数值模拟