Abstract: The control factors of groundwater table rising disaster in Golmud and Delingha were analyzed from the groundwater recharge, runoff and discharge. The research results show that: in disaster years, the river runoff significantly increases, the precipitation in plain areas increases somewhat, and there is no significant change in the irrigation water consumption of farmland; meanwhile, the groundwater runoff and discharge conditions remain basically unchanged. Therefore, it is inferred that the significant increase of river runoff is the dominating factor to form groundwater table rising disaster. Further analysis and research reveal that the root cause of the disaster is the drastic increase in precipitation in the source area of the river caused by climate change on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. Based on the concept turning harm into a benefit, combined with the local water resources demand, the water storage conditions of the Quaternary loose aquifer system in the piedmont plain area and the existing water conservancy facilities, the countermeasures and specific implementation measures are proposed by establishing a trinitarian water source regulation system that integrates canal system diversion, underground reservoir regulation and storage and water source interception and exploitation, in order to completely eliminate the disaster of groundwater table rising.

Key words: resource and environmental engineering; Golmud; Delingha; groundwater table rising disaster; prevention and cure countermeasures

摘要： 从地下水补径排条件变化入手，分析了格尔木和德令哈水位上升灾害的控制因素。研究结果显示：在灾害年，河川径流量显著增大、平原区降水量有所增加、农田灌溉用水量未有明显变化，同时地下水的径流及排泄条件基本未变；据此综合推断河川径流量的显著增大是地下水位上升成灾的主导因素。进一步分析揭示：致灾根源是青藏高原气候变化带来的河源区降水量剧烈增加。基于变害为利理念，结合当地水资源需求和山前平原区第四系松散含水层系统的蓄水条件和现有水利设施状况，提出了通过构建渠系疏导、地下水库调蓄与水源地截流开采三位一体的水源调控系统，来彻底消除地下水位上升灾害的对策及具体实施措施。

关键词: 资源环境工程；格尔木；德令哈；地下水位上升灾害；防治对策