Abstract: The effect of traffic signal lights activation on driving behaviors was researched by signal activation mode and testsubjects design. The subjects judgments on the logic relationship between signal words (“red light”, “yellow light” and “green light”) and objective words—8 different driving behavors (“accelerate”, “keeping original speed”, “decelerate”, “waiting”, “pass through”, “grab line”, “avoid” and “overtaking”) and their corresponding reacting time. Experimental results indicate that: when red light is on, all subjects were intend to choose “decelerate” instead of “grabing line”, and most female subjects related red light to “avoiding”; When yellow light was on, male subjects intended to choose “accelerate” , “pass through” and “overtaking”, while female subjects intended to choose “decelerate” and “waiting”, vast majority of female subjects did not see any relationship between yellow light and overtaking“; when green light was on, male subjects intended apt to choose ”accelerate and “keeping original speed”, while female subjects intended to choose “keeping original speed”. At sight of three kinds of traffic lights , males spent less time on determining his driving behavior. Therefore it is clear that driving behavior differs by genders: the male are more decisive than females but contain potential safety hazard in their prompt decisions.

Key words: traffic and transportation engineering；urban traffic, driving behavior, activating experiment, traffic signal light

摘要： 采用启动范式和被试内设计，分析了在不同信号灯(红灯、黄灯、绿灯)启动词的条件下，被试对启动词与目标词——8种不同驾驶行为(加速、原速、减速、等待、通过、抢行、避让、赶超)是否存在逻辑关系的判定情况和反应时间，研究了交通信号灯对驾驶行为的启动效应。实验结果表明：红灯时，被试均倾向于选择“减速”，不“抢行”，多数女性认为红灯与“避让”有关；黄灯时，男性倾向于选择“加速”、“通过”和“赶超”，女性则更倾向于“减速”和“等待”，绝大多数女性认为黄灯与“赶超”无关；绿灯时，男性倾向于“加速”和维持“原速”，而女性则明显倾向于保持“原速”；3种不同信号灯条件下，男性被试做出驾驶行为决策的平均反应时均小于女性，提示驾驶行为存在性别差异，男性普遍较女性果断，但其决策结果往往存在一定的交通安全隐患。

关键词: 交通运输工程, 城市交通, 驾驶行为, 启动实验, 交通信号灯