Abstract: In order to reduce the probability of accidents at tunnel entrance, a kind of space visual illusion deceleration landscape was designed, which was based on the theory of road space and color visual illusion. Three kinds of landscapes, that is green, yellow and red were designed at the tunnel entrance, and the spacing of each scheme was set with 10m×4+7m×5+5m×5. Combined with simulation experiment and real vehicle experiment, the driving comfort, the warning effect and the deceleration effect of the three spacious deceleration schemes were evaluated. The results show that the plant landscape with gradually diminished spacing at the tunnel entrance has a certain deceleration effect. The green space deceleration landscape is likely to cause driver visual fatigue. The red deceleration landscape has larger color contrast to the surrounding and it has strong visual impact, which is likely to cause driver a certain psychological burden. The yellow space deceleration landscape’s warning effect and deceleration effect are the best, and it can meet driver’s driving comfort. Therefore, it is recommended to set a yellow space deceleration landscape with gradually diminished spacing at the tunnel entrance to improve the traffic safety.

Key words: traffic engineering;tunnel entrance, visual illusion, deceleration, UC-win/Road, landscape design

摘要： 为降低隧道入口段事故发生的概率，结合路域空间与色彩视错觉设计一种适用于隧道入口的空间视错觉减速景观。在隧道入口段设计绿、黄、红这 3种景观，且每种方案的间距均以10m×4+7m×5+5m×5设置，结合仿真实验与实车实验，对3种空间减速景观的行车舒适性、警示效果及减速效果进行评价 。结果表明：在隧道入口设置间隔逐渐减小的植物景观具有一定的减速作用；绿色空间减速景观容易造成驾驶员视觉疲劳；红色空间减速景观与周围环境 的色彩对比度过大且视觉冲击力较强，会对驾驶员造成一定心理负担；黄色空间减速景观警示效果和减速效果最佳，并能满足驾驶员的行车舒适性。因此 ，建议在隧道入口设置间隔逐渐减小的黄色空间减速景观以提高行车安全性。

关键词: 交通工程, 隧道入口, 视错觉, 减速, UC-win/Road, 景观设计