Abstract: Based on the existing research on “vehicle and road” factors at home and abroad, the “driver” lane changing behavior factor was added to study the opening of same-direction lane divider at the entrance of the expressway. Based on the drivers psychology and reactions, four lane changing interaction behaviours were proposed: coercion, collaboration, competitive coercion, and competitive collaboration. Four calculation models of the minimum, general, moderate and ideal opening length corresponding to the lane changing behaviour and the clear distance of the opening position in the same-direction lane divider were constructed by the acceptable clearance theory and vehicle kinematics theory. The proposed model was used to calculate reasonable clear distance of opening positions and four types of opening lengths for the “4 to 8” expressway at design speeds of 120 km/h, 100 km/h and 80 km/h. VISSIM and SSAM microscopic traffic simulation software were adopted to simulate and analyze the safety of four types of opening length values and position clear distance values by cluster analysis and fuzzy evaluation methods. The simulation results show that based on the position clearance calculated by the proposed model, there are fewer conflicts at the road section where vehicles entering the highway enter before the same-direction lane divider opening, and the opening position is set reasonably. The minimum opening length of the same-direction lane divider based on coercion lane changing is between critical safety and relatively safe. The opening lengths based on collaboration, competitive coercion, and competitive collaboration are all between relatively safe and safe levels and the security is orderly improved, which shows four types of lengths are basically in line with the minimum, general, moderate and ideal levels.

Key words: traffic and transportation engineering; renovation and expansion of expressways; same-direction lane divider; opening position; opening length; non-free lane change

摘要： 在国内外对“车和路”因素研究的基础上，增加“驾驶人”换道行为因素，对高速公路入口处的同向车道分隔带开口进行研究。基于驾驶人的心理和反应，提出强行、协作、竞争强行、竞争协作4种换道交互行为；运用可接受间隙理论及车辆运动学理论等构建了同分带的开口位置净距及与换道行为相应的最小、一般、适中和理想的4种开口长度计算模型；运用模型计算了“四改八”高速公路设计速度为120、100、80 km/h时的同分带合理开口位置净距值以及4种开口长度值。采用VISSIM和SSAM微观交通仿真软件，运用聚类分析和模糊评价方法，对4种开口长度值和位置净距值的安全性进行仿真分析。仿真结果表明：基于模型计算的位置净距，驶入高速公路车辆在进入同分带开口前的路段发生冲突较少，开口位置设置合理；基于强行换道的最小同分带开口长度处于临界安全与较安全之间；基于协作、竞争强行、竞争协作的开口长度皆处于较安全至安全级别之间，且安全性依次提高，4种长度基本符合最小、一般、适中和理想的等级预期。

关键词: 交通运输工程；改扩建高速公路；同向车道分隔带；开口位置；开口长度；非自由换道