关键词: 交通工程；形成传播条件；跟驰模型；交通震荡；驾驶人行为；非对称性

Abstract: The formation and propagation mechanisms of traffic oscillations are significantly influenced by the heterogeneity in driving behavior. By integrating the dual parameters of driver reaction ability and driving behavior asymmetry, the classic car following model was improved, and an asymmetric car-following model was constructed to reveal the micro-evolutionary patterns of traffic oscillations. Stability analysis indicates that traffic flow instability phenomena occur within specific ranges of speed and headway parameters. Simulation experiments further identify three kinds of triggering conditions for oscillations: traffic flow parameters entering the theoretical instability zone, initial headways of aggressive drivers being unable to match their speed requirements within the stable range as well as mismatch between speed and headway parameters for ordinary or conservative drivers within the stable range. Quantitative research based on the standard deviation of speed shows that the oscillation propagation speed of conservative driver fleets at low speeds is faster than that of aggressive drivers and the oscillation caused by the disturbance of the headway shows a concave growth. While the growth pattern caused by speed disturbance occurs differentiated growth patterns among driver types—exponential growth for aggressive and ordinary drivers, and linear growth for conservative drivers. When initial speed and headway achieve the parameter matching state, the propagation of oscillations is significantly suppressed or even blocked. This study establishes a quantitative mapping relationship between driving behavior characteristic parameters and the evolutionary patterns of oscillations, confirming that parameter matching can reduce the risk of oscillation propagation, which provides theoretical support for the design of cooperative control strategies for intelligent connected vehicles, especially in areas such as adaptive cruise control system parameter optimization and enhancement of the stability of mixed traffic flow.

Key words: traffic engineering; formation and propagation conditions; car-following model; traffic oscillations; driver behavior; asymmetry