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重庆交通大学学报（自然科学版）

重庆交通大学学报（自然科学版） ›› 2025, Vol. 44 ›› Issue (11): 1-10.DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-0696.2025.11.01

• 现代交通装备 •    

锂离子电池液冷散热性能影响因素分析

刘霏霏，刘帅华，李坚强，秦武，李骏   

  1. (华东交通大学 机电与车辆工程学院，江西 南昌 330013)
  • 收稿日期:2024-11-18 修回日期:2025-03-02 发布日期:2025-11-27
  • 作者简介:刘霏霏（1983—），女，江西南康人，副教授，博士，主要从事动力电池热管理及环境适应性方面的研究。E-mail：daisy-lff@163.com
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金资助项目（51806066，52402471）；江西省自然科学基金资助项目（20242BAB25280，20232BAB214047，20242BAB25261，20242BAB26068）

Influencing Factors of Liquid Cooling Heat Dissipation Performance of Lithium-Ion Batteries

LIU Feifei, LIU Shuaihua, LI Jianqiang, QIN Wu, LI Jun   

  1. (School of Mechatronics & Vehicle Engineering, East China Jiaotong University, Nanchang 330013, Jiangxi, China)
  • Received:2024-11-18 Revised:2025-03-02 Published:2025-11-27

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摘要： 锂离子电池的工作温度极大影响着其工作性能、循环寿命及安全性，因此合理的电池热管理散热系统设计有利于保证电池工作在最优的温度区间。以18650圆柱形电池为研究对象，设计了一种S形液冷通道的电池模组散热结构。在单体模型验证的基础上，研究了液冷通道高度占比β以及冷却液质量流量ma、通道宽度H6、包裹角θ和通道数量N对散热效果的影响。结果表明：β、ma、θ和N均对电池模组的散热效果影响较大，H6对电池模组散热效果影响较小。H6=4 mm时的Tmax比H6=2 mm时仅上升0.20 ℃；β=0.9时Tmax比β=0.3时下降2.62 ℃；ma=0.10 kg/s时Tmax比ma=0.01 kg/s时下降2.29 ℃；θ=105°时Tmax相比θ=60°时下降2.03 ℃；在β为0.1、0.3、0.5、0.7、0.9时四通道Tmax比一通道分别下降2.02、2.69、2.74、1.66、0.27 ℃。

关键词: 车辆工程；18650锂离子电池；S形液冷管；热仿真；散热性能

Abstract: The operating temperature of the lithium-ion battery greatly affects its performance, cycle life and safety, therefore, a reasonable design of the cooling system of battery thermal management is conducive to ensuring that the battery can work in the optimal temperature range. Taking 18650 cylindrical battery as the research object, the heat dissipation structure of the battery module with S-shaped liquid cooling channel was designed. Based on the validation of the monomer model, the effects of the mass flow rate of coolant (ma), and height ratio (β), channel width (H6), wrapping angle (θ) and channel quantity (N) of the liquid cooling channel on heat dissipation performance were investigated. Results show that β, ma, θ and N all have great impact on the heat dissipation of the battery module, while H6 has a relatively small impact. When H6 is 4 mm, Tmax is only 0.20 ℃ higher than that when H6 is 2 mm. When β is 0.9, Tmax is 2.62 ℃ lower than that when β is 0.3. When ma is 0.10 kg/s, Tmax is 2.29 ℃ lower than that when ma is 0.01 kg/s. When θ is 105°, Tmax is decreased by 2.03 ℃, compared with that when θ is 60°. When β is 0.1, 0.3, 0.5, 0.7 and 0.9 respectively, Tmax of the module with four-channel is 2.02 ℃, 2.69 ℃, 2.74 ℃, 1.66 ℃ and 0.27 ℃ lower than that with one-channel, respectively.

Key words: vehicle engineering; 18650 lithium-ion battery; S-shaped liquid cooling channel; thermal simulation; heat dissipation performance

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