关键词: 交通运输工程；高海拔地区高速公路；动物穿行警示标志；驾驶人特性；行车样线法；前置距离模型

Abstract: In order to reasonably design and effectively set up warning signs for animal crossing on highways in high altitude areas, starting with the characteristics of drivers, the driving sample line method was used to carry out field investigation and real vehicle test on Gongyu Expressway in Qinghai Province. First of all, by means of consulting experts, visiting local people and the assistance of traffic management departments, the situation of animal crossing in pastoral areas and nature reserves along the highway was investigated and analyzed; moreover, the evidence was obtained. Secondly, under the natural driving conditions, the driving speed and subjective feelings of drivers at different altitudes were collected synchronously on the vehicle equipped with GPS and two sets of high-definition tachographs. Finally, the animal crossing warning signs were designed, and the minimum requirements for sign setting were proposed. Based on the characteristics of drivers in high altitude areas, deceleration operation curve and visual recognition distance model, the pre-distance model of animal crossing warning signs was constructed. The research results suggest that in front of the nature reserve, the pattern of warning signs should be Tibetan antelope with the trend of movement, and the warning signs in front of pastoral areas and grazing channels should be matched with the pattern of Yak with yellow background and black pattern. Through the construction of the pre-distance model, the reference table of the leading distance of the warning signs for animal crossing the expressway in high altitude area based on the driver characteristics is obtained.

Key words: traffic and transportation engineering; highway in high altitude area; warning signs for animal crossing; driver characteristics; driving sample line method; prepositive distance model