中文核心期刊
CSCD来源期刊
中国科技核心期刊
RCCSE中国核心学术期刊

重庆交通大学学报(自然科学版) ›› 2024, Vol. 43 ›› Issue (6): 109-117.DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-0696.2024.06.15

• 交通装备 • 上一篇    下一篇

基于动力学仿真的车辆稳态操控特性优化

荣兵1,刘科2,廖映华2,牟宗海2,刘长钊3   

  1. (1.宜宾凯翼汽车有限公司,四川 宜宾644000;2.四川轻化工大学 机械工程学院,四川 宜宾 644000; 3.重庆大学 机械与运载工程学院,重庆 400044)
  • 收稿日期:2023-09-10 修回日期:2024-01-15 发布日期:2024-06-24

Optimization of Vehicle Steady-State Handling Characteristics Based on Dynamic Simulation

RONG Bing1, LIU Ke2, LIAO Yinghua2, MOU Zonghai2, LIU Changzhao3   

  1. (1. Yibin Cowin Automobile Co.,Ltd., Yibin 644000, Sichuan, China; 2.School of Mechanical Engineering, Sichuan University of Science & Engineering, Yibin 644000, Sichuan, China; 3.College of Mechanical and Transportation Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China)
  • Received:2023-09-10 Revised:2024-01-15 Published:2024-06-24

摘要: 针对某电动汽车操控稳定性与舒适性较差的问题,利用动力学仿真参数匹配分析方法有效支持实车匹配,并获得显著成效。首先,对前后悬架垂向刚度进行匹配分析,以优化不同偏频下垂向振动所致的车身俯仰响应;为优化前后悬侧倾运动协调性,基于车辆稳态回转工况的多体动力学仿真,以转向外侧前后悬架行程相对于侧向加速度压缩速率的一致性为目标,进行前后悬侧倾刚度的优化匹配;其次,通过动力学仿真研究侧倾、侧向力以及回正力矩转向对整车不足转向的影响,提出基于硬点布置与衬套匹配的整车不足转向度优化途径,为实车调校提供有效的改善思路和方案;最后,实车匹配验证了优化方案的有效性。结果表明:优化后的前后悬垂向跳动与侧倾运动平衡性更佳,稳态操控特性改善显著,主观评分超出目标值约0.5分,操控性能提升约10%。该方案已应用于量产车型,为车辆操控稳定性能开发提供了一种参考案例。

Abstract: To address the problem of poor handling stability and comfort of a pure electric vehicle, the dynamic simulation parameter matching analysis method was used to effectively support real vehicle matching, which achieved significant results. Firstly, the vertical stiffness of the front and rear suspensions was matched and analyzed to optimize the body pitch response due to vertical vibrations at different bias frequencies. To optimize the coordination of front and rear suspension roll motion, the roll stiffness of the front and rear suspension was optimized and matched, with the goal of consistency in the compression rate of the lateral acceleration relative to the travel of the front and rear suspension when turning to the outer side, which was based on multi-body dynamics simulation of vehicle steady-state turning conditions of vehicles. Secondly, dynamic simulation research was carried out on the effects of roll, lateral force, and return torque steering on the whole vehicle understeer, and an optimization approach for the whole vehicle understeer degree based on hard point layout and bush matching was proposed, providing effective improvement ideas and solutions for actual vehicle tuning. Finally, the real vehicle matching verified the effectiveness of the optimized scheme. The results show that after optimization, the balance between front and rear suspension vertical jump and roll motion is better, the steady-state control characteristics are significantly improved, and the subjective evaluation score exceeds the target by 0.5 points, resulting in a 10% improvement in handling performance. The proposed scheme has been applied to mass-produced vehicle types, providing a reference case for developing vehicle handling stability performance.