关键词: 桥梁工程；桥梁支座;温度依赖性;结构健康监测;纽扣传感器

Abstract: Bridge bearings exhibit significant temperature dependence in their mechanical behavior; however, existing structural health monitoring (SHM) technologies overlook the effects of temperature fluctuations on their mechanical performance. By conducting 6 independent temperature gradient tests (-20~30 ℃, ΔT=10 ℃), the base strain of the plate rubber bearing was accurately measured, and a monitoring method for rubber bearings based on temperature-deformation coupling perception using button sensor was proposed. The research indicates that under a compressive stress condition of 10 MPa, decreasing temperature alters the mechanical properties of rubber bearings, such as the compressive elastic modulus. The vertical compression decreases by 5.64 % per 10 ℃ temperature reduction, resulting in changes of the mechanical behavior of the rubber bearings. A real-time inverse model of temperature-strain-stress was developed based on the mechanical behavior of the bearing. By reading sensor data, the bearing load can be calculated with an error of less than 5%. The proposed technology provides a non-destructive, high-precision online monitoring solution for the monitoring of bearing, particularly suitable for swing bridges and other structures with bearing monitoring requirements in regions experiencing significant seasonal temperature fluctuations.

Key words: bridge engineering; bridge bearings; temperature dependence; structural health monitoring; button sensor