突发公共卫生事件下应急医疗物资配送路径优化模型研究

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1674-0696.2024.11.10

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 重新构建了一个泛化更强的应急医疗物资配送路径优化模型，使之能快速应用于突发公共卫生事件下应急医疗物资配送的路径规划问题。新模型的边际贡献包括两方面：①在假定多配送中心联合配送情况下，同时考虑了应急医疗物资配送最重要的3个目标，即配送路径最短、总成本最小、紧迫需求未满足度最小；②更新了应急医疗物资配送路径的模型参数，主要体现在使用了相对成熟的应急医疗物资需求紧迫度评价指标体系，利用新陈代谢GM(1,1)模型预测感染人数，采用层次分析法和熵值法确定权重，应用灰色关联度-TOPSIS方法计算应急医疗物资需求紧迫度。以西安市新冠肺炎疫情发生后的应急医疗物资调度为例对新模型进行验证，利用NSGA-Ⅱ算法对该模型进行求解，确定了西安市应急医疗物资配送的8条车辆最佳路径。

关键词: 交通运输工程；运输规划；配送路径；NSGA-Ⅱ算法；公共卫生事件；应急医疗物资

Abstract: A more widely applicable optimization model for the distribution path of emergency medical material was reconstructed, which could be quickly applied to the path planning of urban emergency medical material distribution in sudden public health emergencies. The marginal contribution of the new model was reflected in the following two aspects. Firstly, in the case of joint distribution by multiple distribution centers, the three most important goals of emergency medical material distribution, namely the shortest distribution path, the lowest total cost and the minimum unmet degree of urgent needs, were simultaneously considered. Secondly, the parameters of the emergency medical material distribution path model were updated, which was mainly reflected in the use of a relatively mature emergency medical material demand urgency evaluation index system, the use of the metabolic GM (1,1) model to predict the number of infections, the use of analytic hierarchy process and entropy method to determine weights, and the use of the grey correlation degree TOPSIS method to calculate the emergency medical material demand urgency. Finally, the new model was verified by taking the emergency medical material dispatch after the COVID-19 in Xi’an as an example, the NSGA-Ⅱ algorithm was used to solve the proposed model. Eight vehicle optimal routes for emergency medical supplies distribution in Xi’an were determined.

Key words: traffic and transportation engineering; transportation planning; delivery path; NSGA-Ⅱ algorithm; public health emergencies; emergency medical material

中图分类号:

U116.2

陈超，王佳苗，马鑫晟. 突发公共卫生事件下应急医疗物资配送路径优化模型研究[J]. 重庆交通大学学报（自然科学版）, 2024, 43(11): 76-83.

CHEN Chao, WANG Jiamiao, MA Xinsheng. Optimization Model of Emergency Medical Material Delivery Path under sudden Public Health Emergencies[J]. Journal of Chongqing Jiaotong University(Natural Science), 2024, 43(11): 76-83.

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