不同橡胶粉灰分分析与改性沥青效果研究

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1674-0696.2025.02.10

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 废旧轮胎橡胶制品以及由其制备的橡胶粉类型众多，然而缺乏对不同类型废旧轮胎橡胶粉品质以及对沥青改性效果的系统研究。此外目前针对橡胶沥青中橡胶粉掺量的计量更是缺乏行之有效的检测方法。针对上述问题，首先，对尼龙胎、子午胎和轿车胎3种橡胶粉灰分含量进行检测，探讨不同取样质量对灰分含量结果的影响；然后，借助能量色散型X射线荧光光谱分析仪（EDXRF）和X射线衍射仪（XRD）分别对3种橡胶粉灰分进行组成分析；最后，对比了20%、30%掺量的3种橡胶粉对沥青的性能提升效果。研究结果显示：取样质量对灰分含量结果检测影响很大，总体上灰分含量会随取样质量的增加而增大，且4种取样质量下，尼龙胎橡胶粉灰分含量均最小；3种橡胶粉灰分成分的共有且主要构成元素有4种，共有物质有6种，综合看来3种橡胶粉灰分的物质组成大体相似，但物质含量存在较大差异；对3种橡胶粉而言，掺量的增加均使得针入度下降，软化点、延度、黏度和弹性恢复升高，20%、30%掺量下尼龙胎橡胶粉对沥青综合性能提升效果最好。针对橡胶粉高温灰化条件下有灰分残留而沥青无残留的特点，提出可将橡胶粉中的灰分作为标记物，从而实现橡胶沥青中橡胶粉掺量的计量与检测。

关键词: 道路工程；橡胶粉；橡胶沥青；灰分；检测方法

Abstract: There are many types of waste tire rubber products and crumb rubber powders prepared from them. However, there is a lack of systematic research on the quality of rubber powder from different types of waste tires and its modification effect on asphalt. Moreover, there is currently a lack of effective detection method for measuring the amount of rubber powder added in rubber asphalt. To address the above issues, the ash content of three types of rubber powder, namely nylon tires, radial tires and car tires, was first tested to explore the influence of different sampling qualities on the ash content results. Then, the composition of the ash content of three kinds of crumb rubber powders was analyzed by energy dispersivity X-ray fluorescence spectrometry (EDXRF) and X-ray diffractometer (XRD). Further, the performance improvement effects of three types of rubber powders with a dosage of 20% and 30% on asphalt were compared. The research results show that the sampling quality has a significant effect on the ash content. Overall, the ash content will increase with the increase of sampling quality, and under all four kinds of sampling qualities, there is a result of the lowest ash content in nylon tire rubber powder. There are 4 common and main constituent elements and 6 common substances in the ash content of three types of rubber powders. Overall, the material composition of the ash content of the three types of rubber powders is generally similar, but there are significant differences in their material content. For the three types of rubber powders, the increase in the dosage of crumb rubber powder results in the decrease in penetration, and increase in softening point, ductility, viscosity and elastic recovery. The nylon tire rubber powder has the best effect on improving the comprehensive performance of asphalt with a dosage of 20% and 30%. Finally, aiming at the characteristics of ash residue in crumb rubber powder and no residue in asphalt under the high-temperature ashing conditions, it is proposed that the ash content in rubber powder can be used as a marker to achieve the measurement and detection of rubber powder content in rubber asphalt.

Key words: highway engineering; crumb rubber powder; crumb rubber asphalt; ash content; detection method

中图分类号:

U414

王威，段丹军，张波，高学凯，畅润田. 不同橡胶粉灰分分析与改性沥青效果研究[J]. 重庆交通大学学报（自然科学版）, 2025, 44(2): 75-81.

WANG Wei，DUAN Danjun，ZHANG Bo，GAO Xuekai，CHANG Runtian. Ash Content Analysis of Different Crumb Rubber Powders and Effect of Modified Asphalt[J]. Journal of Chongqing Jiaotong University(Natural Science), 2025, 44(2): 75-81.

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