汶川震后公路泥石流危害类型与活动特征分析

doi:10.3969/j.issn.16740696.2016.06.13

重庆交通大学学报（自然科学版） ›› 2016, Vol. 35 ›› Issue (6): 60-67.DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.16740696.2016.06.13

汶川震后公路泥石流危害类型与活动特征分析

向灵芝^1，2，崔鹏³，陈洪凯²，范玮佳^1，2

(1. 重庆交通大学水利水运工程教育部重点实验室，重庆 400074；2. 重庆交通大学岩土工程研究所，重庆 400074；3. 中国科学院成都山地灾害与环境研究所中国科学院山地灾害与地表过程重点实验室，四川成都 610041)

收稿日期:2015-10-20 修回日期:2016-01-17 出版日期:2016-12-25 发布日期:2016-12-29
作者简介:向灵芝（1980—），女，重庆人，讲师，博士，主要从事地质灾害防治方面的研究。Email：xlz1223xlz@sina.com。
基金资助:
重庆交通大学国家内河航道整治工程技术研究中心暨水利水运工程教育部重点实验室开放基金项目（SLK2015B07）；2013年度重庆高校创新团队建设计划项目（KJTD201305）；中国地质调查局国土资源大调查基金项目 (12120114035601)

Damage Types and Activity Characteristics of Debris Flow along Highway after Wenchuan Earthquake

XIANG Lingzhi ¹, ², CUI Peng³, CHEN Hongkai², FAN Weijia¹, ²

(1. Key Laboratory of Hydraulic and Waterway Engineering of the Ministry of Education, Chongqing Jiaotong University, Chongqing 400074, P. R. China; 2. Institute of Geotechnical Engineering, Chongqing Jiaotong University, Chongqing 400074, P. R. China; 3. CAS Key Laboratory of Mountain Hazards and Surface Processes, Chengdu Institute of Mountain Hazards and Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, P. R. China）

Received:2015-10-20 Revised:2016-01-17 Online:2016-12-25 Published:2016-12-29

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 以汶川县两条主要交通干线（都汶公路和省道303）沿线60条泥石流沟为研究对象，通过多次实地调查和室内试验分析，对汶川地震后泥石流的形成条件，危害类型及活动特征进行了分析。研究表明：震后地质地貌、岩土物质基础的不稳定性，以及高强度降雨与泥石流物源区的相互作用是震后泥石流的主要控制条件；公路沿线的泥石流危害以冲毁或淤埋公路，或堵塞、挤压河流，及形成灾害链等3种类型为主；地震后，泥石流流体以黏性为主；临界降雨量降低，发生于面积较小流域，并具有高频性与群发性特点。

关键词: 道路工程, 汶川地震, 泥石流, 危害类型, 活动特征

Abstract: Sixty debris flow gullies along the main highway (DujiangyanWenchuan highway and provincial highway 303) in Wenchuan County were chosen as the research objects. Through multiple field surveys and laboratory tests, the formation conditions, damage types and activity characteristics of debris flow after Wenchuan earthquake were analyzed. The analysis results show that, the instability of the geological landform and the material foundation of the rock and soil after earthquake, as well as the interaction between the high intensity rainfall and debris material source area is the main condition for the debris flow after earthquake. 3 main damage types of debris along highway include the damage or bury of highway, the plugging or squeezing of the river and the forming of disaster chain. After earthquake, the critical rainfall is reduced; debris flows occur in small watershed, most with viscous fluids and with the characteristics of high frequency and group outbreak.

Key words: highway engineering, Wenchuan earthquake, debris flow, damage types, activity characteristics

中图分类号:

向灵芝1，2，崔鹏3，陈洪凯2，范玮佳1，2. 汶川震后公路泥石流危害类型与活动特征分析[J]. 重庆交通大学学报（自然科学版）, 2016, 35(6): 60-67.

XIANG Lingzhi 1, 2, CUI Peng3, CHEN Hongkai2, FAN Weijia1, 2. Damage Types and Activity Characteristics of Debris Flow along Highway after Wenchuan Earthquake[J]. Journal of Chongqing Jiaotong University(Natural Science), 2016, 35(6): 60-67.

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汶川震后公路泥石流危害类型与活动特征分析

Damage Types and Activity Characteristics of Debris Flow along Highway after Wenchuan Earthquake

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