关键词: 车辆工程； 磁流变阻尼器；混合流动；优化设计；遗传算法

Abstract: Aiming at the deficiency that the traditional MR damper could not produce good damping performance under the condition of limited volume, a hybrid flow MR damper was proposed and designed. The liquid flow channels of the proposed MR damper were consisted of four axial annular liquid flow channels and two radial disc liquid flow channels in series. By setting magnetic isolation parts to guide the magnetic line of force to meander through all liquid flow channels, the utilization rate of magnetic field of the damper was effectively improved. The structure and working principle of the hybrid fluid flow MR damper was described, and its damping force mathematical model was also established. Finite element method was used to simulate the electromagnetic field of the proposed damper. Genetic algorithm was used to optimize the proposed damper structure. The optimization objective function consisted of five parts: output damping force, adjustable range of damping force, response time constant, energy consumption and volume of damper piston head. The distribution laws of magnetic induction intensity and shear stress at each liquid flow channel before and after optimization, as well as the variation of performance indexes changing with the applied current were compared and analyzed. The results show that the magnetic field utilization rate of the MR damper after optimization is higher, and each performance is significantly improved.

Key words: vehicle engineering; MR damper; hybrid fluid flow; optimal design; genetic algorithm