车路协同环境高速公路瓶颈车辆换道引导方法

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1674-0696.2021.11.08

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 高速公路由于交通事件的发生，常产生瓶颈区域致使车辆频繁换道。为提高高速公路瓶颈区车辆通行效率与安全性能，讨论车路协同环境的优越性，提出了车路协同环境下高速公路瓶颈车辆换道引导方法，通过建立离散选择模型的形式定义传统车辆与智能车辆的换道考虑因素，根据车辆所处位置定义自由换道与强制换道的效用函数，考虑宏观交通流不同渗透率下的速度密度关系，求解期望换道概率并将其引入考虑横向交通流的元胞传输模型以模拟宏观交通流换道行为，从而对瓶颈上游的智能车辆进行引导。利用车辆换道引导方法对宏观交通流进行数值仿真，并设置5组不同渗透率下的交通流。研究结果表明：车路协同环境下不同渗透率的交通流经过瓶颈区的总行程时间均有所减少，渗透率为1时对应的总行程时间最小，为296.21 s，渗透率为0.4变为0.6时总行程时间减小幅度最显著，为8.3%；渗透率为0.8变为1时总行程时间减小幅度最小，为2.7%，因此利用该引导方法对渗透率为0.6的交通流进行引导，其效果最显著。在使用引导方法后，各车道密度趋于均衡，能有效缓解瓶颈区向上游传播的堵塞波。

关键词: 交通工程；道路瓶颈；换道行为；车路协同系统

Abstract: Frequent vehicle lane changes occurred at bottleneck areas due to the occurrence of traffic incidents on highway. In order to improve the traffic efficiency and safety performance of vehicles at the bottleneck area of the highway, the superiority of the cooperative vehicle infrastructure system (CVIS) was discussed, and a lane-change guidance method for the vehicle at highway bottleneck area in CVIS was proposed. The lane changing consideration factors of traditional vehicles and intelligent vehicles were defined in the form of establishing discrete selection model. The utility functions of free lane change and forced lane change were defined according to the location of the vehicle. Considering the velocity density relationship of macro traffic flow under different permeability, the expected lane change probability was sovled and introduced into the cell transmission model considering lateral traffic flow to simulate the macro traffic flow lane changing behaviour, so as to guide the intelligent vehicles from the upstream of the bottleneck. The proposed vehicle lane change guidance method was used to simulate the macro traffic flow numerically. And five groups of traffic flow under different permeability were set. The research results show that in cooperative vehicle infrastructure system, all the total travel time of traffic flow with different permeability through the bottleneck area decreases. When the permeability is 1, the corresponding total travel time is the smallest, which is 296.21s. When the permeability changes from 0.4 to 0.6, the total travel time decreases most significantly, which is 8.3%. When the permeability changes from 0.8 to 1, the reduction of total travel time is the smallest, which is 2.7%. Therefore, using the prposed guidance method to guide the traffic flow with permeability of 0.6 has the most significant effect. After using the guidance method, the density of each lane tends to be balanced, which can effectively alleviate the blocking wave propagating upstream at the bottleneck area.

Key words: traffic engineering; road bottleneck; lane-changing behaviour; cooperative vehicle infrastructure system

中图分类号:

U491.2

焦朋朋,云旭,安玉. 车路协同环境高速公路瓶颈车辆换道引导方法[J]. 重庆交通大学学报（自然科学版）, 2021, 40(11): 53-59.

JIAO Pengpeng, YUN Xu, AN Yu. Guiding Method of Vehicles Changing Lane at Highway Bottleneck in Cooperative Vehicle Infrastructure System[J]. Journal of Chongqing Jiaotong University(Natural Science), 2021, 40(11): 53-59.

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