关键词: 交通工程；城市交通；交通控制；Stackelberg博弈；代理模型

Abstract: To address the difficulty of urban parking, a management strategy for urban parking lots based on the Stackelberg game theory was proposed, which involved the joint decision-making of parking lot operators and traffic managers. Firstly, to tackle the intricate interplay among parkers, parking lot operators and traffic managers, the influence among these three participants was analyzed from the perspective of game theory, and the corresponding utility functions for the three participants were established. Secondly, to minimize the conflict of interests between traffic managers and parking lot operators, a game model of these three parties was established based on Stackelberg game theory, and the principles of real-time parking lot access management were determined. Then, based on numerical simulation, the differential evolution algorithm and Kriging agent model were combined to solve the proposed game model, and the corresponding parking reservation management plan and tripartite utility were obtained. Finally, the scheme based on the Stackelberg game was compared with the scheme of maximizing the interests of parking lot operators through numerical simulation. The research results show that in the three scenarios of high, medium and low traffic flow of mainline, the Stackelberg game scheme is the one with the smallest conflict of interests among all parties.

Key words: traffic engineering; urban transportation; traffic control; Stackelberg game; surrogate model