Abstract: Recently accidents of collision between ship and bridge substructure happen frequently, which seriously threatened the safe of bridges and city traffic system. In order to reduce the loss due to ship-to-bridge collision, the collision resistance of bridge needs to be strengthened. To achieve the effect that not only protect Bridges but also safe money, the collision force between ships and the bridge must be know well. Based on the ANSYS/LS-DYNA nonlinear FEM program, the process of boat hit a bridge on different circumstances was simulated. The calculation formula of collision force was summarized and compared with the standard formula. It can provide some reference for the study direction or engineering design.

Key words: collision force, bridge substructure, nonlinear finite element, numerical simulation

摘要： 近年来，船舶撞击桥梁的事故时有发生，严重威胁了桥梁结构安全和城市交通的运营。为减小船撞桥带来的损失，需提高桥梁的抗撞能力。为达到既能保护桥梁又能在经济上实现最优化的效果，必须了解桥梁河段内船舶对桥梁的最大撞击力，借助于ANSYS/LS-DYNA非线性有限元程序，仿真模拟各种情况下船撞桥的过程，分析归纳撞击力结果，总结出简化的撞击力计算公式，并与各规范公式进行比较，为该研究方向或工程设计提供一定的参考。

关键词: 撞击力, 桥梁下部结构, 非线性有限元, 数值仿真