Abstract: Based on the velocity distribution experiment and from coarse material incipient motion experiment in 1-m flume, the law of the fix bed resistance is found in the high gradient bed. First, the law of the fix bed resistance agrees with the Chey-Manningformula. The Darcycoefficient in this studyis close tothe formula of Colebrook (1938). Next, velocity distribution obeys logarithm law when h/Ks>2. Finally, it has been found that results of the two experiments are close although their methods are different in the high gradient bed.

Key words: high gradient gravel river, immovable bed resistance, flow of high froude number, Chey-Manning formula

摘要： 在1 m宽变坡水槽内,采用乒乓球模拟密排卵砾石的流速分布试验和天然卵砾石起动试验两种方法进行定床阻力试验研究。试验结果表明:①起动试验数据确定的定床阻力符合谢才-曼宁公式,得出的阻力系数基本符合Colebrook(1938)公式的变化规律,但比Colebrook(1938)公式的计算值稍小;②乒乓球模拟密排卵砾石流速分布试验表明在床面粗糙范围内,当h/Ks>2,其垂线流速分布符合对数规律;③比较流速起动试验数据和流速分布试验数据确定的定床阻力,尽管试验的方法不同,得到的结果基本相同。

关键词: 大比降卵砾石河流, 定床阻力, 急流, 谢才-曼宁公式