Abstract: Aiming at the problem of difficult bus operation in the areas with weak passenger flow, based on the analysis of the traffic characteristics of typical areas with weak passenger flow, the operation goal of replenishing passengers with goods and win-win for both passenger and freight was realized, through the application of passenger and freight sharing transportation mode and the dynamic customization of public bus dispatching method. Firstly, the dynamic and static passenger and freight customization requirements were classified and the customization requirements were processed in stages. Then, with the goal of minimizing the total transportation time, the initial route optimization model of customized bus was constructed by considering the constraints such as capacity and customized demand time windows. On the basis of this, considering the time window constraints of initial passengers and dynamic demand, the dynamic route optimization model of transit bus was constructed and the response mechanism of dynamic customized demand was established, so as to realize the dynamic planning of passenger and freight sharing customized bus routes. Finally, the feasibility of the proposed model was illustrated through an example and compared with the non-mixed transportation model. The results show that under the same transportation demand conditions, the number of vehicles required by the proposed model is 2 less than that of the non-mixed model, the satisfaction rate of dynamic demand is increased by 16.7% and the total no-load rate is reduced by 12.4%.

Key words: traffic and transportation engineering; bus route; customized bus; passenger and freight sharing; weak passenger flow area; dynamic planning

摘要： 针对弱客流地区公交运营难的问题，在分析典型弱客流地区的交通特性的基础上，通过客货共享运输模式和动态定制公交调度方法的应用，实现以货补客，客货同赢的运营目标。首先将动静态客货定制需求进行分类，分阶段处理定制需求；然后，以最小化总运输时间为目标，考虑容量与定制需求时间窗等约束，构建定制公交车辆初始线路优化模型，并在此基础上，考虑初始乘客和动态需求的时间窗约束，构建在途公交车辆的动态路径优化模型，建立动态定制需求的响应机制，从而实现客货共享定制公交路线的动态规划；最后，通过算例证明该模型的可行性，并与非混运模型进行比较。结果表明：在相同的运输需求条件下，模型所需车辆数比非混运模型少2辆，对动态需求的满足率提高16.7%，总空载率降低12.4%。

关键词: 交通运输工程；公交路线；定制公交；客货共享；弱客流地区；动态规划