Abstract: In order to solve the problem that the fixed-point setting of electric vehicle charging piles limited the battery endurance, a wireless charging method for electric vehicles based on interpolation coupling technology was proposed. Firstly, the interpolation coupling technology was used to drive the motor to precisely control the coil positioning, so that the charging coil was charged within the effective charging distance. Furthermore, the charging module adjusted the charging current according to the current feedback signal, and charged quickly according to the floating charge, constant current and second-order constant voltage processes. Next, the theoretical values of the matching charging radius R and charging distance D were calculated according to Biot-Savarts law. Finally, MATLAB software simulation experiments were conducted to verify the optimal values of the theoretical R and D. The results show that the positioning control based on the interpolation coupling technique can ensure that the charging coil transmits the maximum power, which not only solves the constraint of fixed-point charging, but also improves the wireless charging efficiency; the multi-stage fast charging process eliminates the effect of current variation and continuous charging on battery life. In addition, the magnetic flux through the charging coil is maximized at R=40 cm and D=10 cm, which is the optimal design.

Key words: vehicle engineering, electric vehicles, wireless charging, intelligent control, automatic tracking, interpolation coupling technology

摘要： 为了解决电动汽车充电桩定点设置对电池续航能力的限制问题，提出了一种基于插补耦合技术的电动汽车无线充电方法。采用插补耦合技术驱动电机精准控制线圈定位，使充电线圈在有效充电距离内充电；充电模块根据电流反馈信号调整充电电流大小，按照浮充→恒流→二阶恒压过程快速充电；根据毕奥-萨伐尔定律计算了线圈半径R和有效充电距离D；用MATLAB仿真验证了R、D的最佳取值。结果表明：基于插补耦合技术的定位控制可确保充电线圈传输最大电能，既解决了定点充电的束缚，又提高了无线充电效率；多阶段快速充电过程消除了电流越变现象和续充对电池寿命的影响；当R=40 cm、D=10 cm时，穿过充电线圈的磁通量最大，为最佳设计方案。

关键词: 车辆工程, 电动汽车, 无线充电, 智能控制, 自动循迹, 插补耦合技术