Abstract: In order to reduce tunnel traffic accidents, the comprehensive effect of highway tunnel traffic safety facilities (traffic safety facilities for short) was studied. Traffic safety facilities such as white reflective rings, color reflective rings, contour marker and protruding road sign were set in the tunnel. Based on driving simulation technology, the driving behavior and visual characteristics were obtained, and the matter-element model was used to evaluate the comprehensive effectiveness of different facilities. Moreover, on the basis of the optimal comprehensive utility scheme (white reflective ring), the layout parameters of the white reflective ring were studied, and a linear mixed effect model was built to explore the influence mechanism of multiple factors on driving behavior. The research results show that in a 3 km tunnel, the layout of reflective ring will affect the drivers driving safety and comfort to a certain extent, but the layout of reflective ring at 200m and 400m intervals can effectively relieve the drivers psychological tension, which lays a theoretical foundation for the further formation of the guidance for the setting of tunnel traffic safety facilities from the driver level.

Key words: traffic engineering; super-long tunnel; traffic safety facilities; driving simulation technology; matter-element model; comprehensive utility evaluation

摘要： 为了减少隧道交通事故，对高速公路隧道交通安全设施（交安设施）综合作用效果进行研究。在隧道中设置白色反光环、彩色反光环、轮廓标、突起路标等交安设施，并基于驾驶模拟技术获取驾驶行为和视觉特征表现，采用物元模型对不同设施方案进行综合效用评价，并在综合效用最优方案（白色反光环）的基础上，对白色反光环布设参数进行研究，构建线性混合效应模型并探究多因素对驾驶行为的影响机理。研究结果表明，在3 km隧道中，布设反光环会在一定程度上影响驾驶安全性和舒适性，但是在间距200 m及400 m布设反光环能够有效缓解驾驶人心理紧张程度。研究结果从驾驶人层面为进一步形成隧道交安设施设置指南奠定理论基础。

关键词: 交通工程；特长隧道；交通安全设施；驾驶模拟技术；物元模型；综合效用评价