Abstract: In order to give full play to the economic and environmental benefits of new corridors in the water transport network, a multi-modal subsidy strategy based on transport routes or (and) ship types was proposed to study its incentive effect on the water transport market structure. Aiming at the problem of cargo source allocation among three transportation routes, namely, river-sea transit in the original channel, river-sea direct delivery in the new channel, and river-sea transit in the new channel in waterway transportation, a multi-party game model composed of carriers of the three transportation routes and the government was constructed. Considering the service quality, transportation cost, carbon emission and other factors of different routes, the Nash game and Steinberg game was used to solve the problem, and the optimal government subsidy mode and subsidy amount was determined with the goal of maximizing economic-environmental benefits. Through the case study of Pinglu Canal, the impact of different subsidy schemes on the freight rates, freight volume and the interests of various decision-making entities was analyzed. The research results show that government subsidies can help to increase the overall freight volume and reduce the freight rates, and government subsidies will increase the social welfare. When only subsidizing the ship type, the subsidy amount is the largest, the social welfare is the highest, the overall carbon emissions of the three transportation routes are the lowest, and the economic-environmental benefits are optimal.

Key words: traffic and transportation engineering; waterway transportation; subsidy strategy; game model; Pinglu Canal; economic-environmental benefits

摘要： 为充分发挥水运网络中新通道的经济和环境效益，提出基于运输路线、船型的多模式补贴策略，研究其对水运市场结构的激励作用。针对水路运输中原通道江海中转、新通道江海直达、新通道江海中转3条运输路线货源分配问题，构建了一个由3条运输路线承运人及政府组成的多方博弈模型。考虑不同运输路线的服务质量、运输成本、碳排放等因素，采用纳什博弈和斯坦克伯格博弈求解，以经济-环境效益最优为目标，确定最优政府补贴模式及补贴金额。通过平陆运河案例，分析不同补贴方案对运价、货运量及各决策主体利益的影响。研究结果表明：政府补贴有助于提高整体货运量，降低运价；政府补贴将提高社会福利；仅对船型进行补贴时，补贴金额最大，社会福利最高，3条运输路线整体碳排放量最低，经济-环境效益最优。

关键词: 交通运输工程； 水路运输； 补贴策略； 博弈模型； 平陆运河； 经济-环境效益