Abstract: Using total station for real-time monitoring on large structures,which is confined to building structures, landform or other impersonal factors, sometimes the survey station has to be set in the deformation area. In the course of the real-time monitoring, when the station in the deformation area has an excursion,but the occupying data still keep original ones, thus the monitor data will contain large errors. To resolve the problem, a formula has been proposed to eliminate the error. And simulation experiment has been conducted. The results of this experiment show that the method can eliminate the error from station excursion completely and it is easy to be put into practice.

Key words: error propagation, total station, real-time correction

摘要： 在使用全站仪对大型建筑结构的变形进行实时监测时,受建筑结构、地形等客观因素的影响,有时某些测站点不得不布置在变形区内。在实时监测过程中,当变形区内测站点发生偏移时,该点的设站数据仍然是偏移之前的,这必然对监测数据的精度造成不利影响。为解决这一问题,推导出测点偏移对监测数据影响的定量公式,并对该不利影响给予实时改正。进行了模拟实验。实验结果表明:在动态实时监测系统中,这种方法可完全消除测站点不稳定带来的误差,并且简单易行。

关键词: 误差传递, 全站仪, 实时改正