Abstract: The basic theory of station operational load was elaborated and then the calculation and evaluation approach of operational load of station was given. Moreover, Shanghai Metro Line 9 was taken as an example to calculate and evaluate its operational load of station. According to the evaluation results of operational load, the optimization for passenger flow routing was put forward for the stations with higher operational load so as to relieve the pressure of operational load of station. Firstly, some primary optimization indexes of passenger flow routing were ascertained. Then, the approaches of optimization for passenger flow routing were proposed on the basis of the above indexes, mainly including traffic efficiency optimization method and equipment layout optimization method; the grey fixed-weight clustering model was utilized to evaluate the optimization schemes of passenger flow routing in order to obtain the optimum scheme. In the end, Century Avenue Station of Shanghai Metro Line 9 with the highest operational load was exemplified to optimize its indexes of passenger flow routing with the proposed optimization approaches and to evaluate its passenger flow routing with the grey fixed-weight clustering model, and the optimum passenger flow routing scheme was obtained.

Key words: traffic and transportation engineering, urban rail transit, operational load, evaluation and optimization, grey fixed-weight clustering

摘要： 在阐述车站运营负荷基本理论的基础上，给出了车站运营负荷的计算和评估方法，并以上海轨道交通9号线为例，对其车站运营负荷进行计算和评估。根据运营负荷评估的结果，对运营负荷较大的车站进行客流流线优化：首先，确定了一些主要的客流流线优化指标；其次，针对客流流线优化指标提出客流流线优化的方法，主要包括通行效率优化方法和设施布局优化方法，并利用灰色定权聚类模型对各客流流线优化方案进行评价，从而得出最佳客流流线方案；最后，以上海轨道交通9号线运营负荷最高的世纪大道站为例，运用以上客流流线优化方法对其客流流线的各项指标进行优化，并利用灰色定权聚类模型进行评价，得出最优方案。

关键词: 交通运输工程, 城市轨道交通, 运营负荷, 评估与优化, 灰色定权聚类