Abstract: Clay stone is expounded from the origin of clay mineral and the process of being compressed into clays tone's formation.The clay stone is also introduced by utilizing XRD and Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) to observe from aspects of engineering application,such as micro-structure,the interaction between clay stone and water and the characteristic of weather resistance;the interacted-force of tiny grain is very important to know the characteristics of clay stone and to establish micro-structural model.

Key words: clay stone, micro-structure, mixed-layer mineral, weather resistance

摘要： 从黏土物质来源与被压实成岩过程认识黏土岩;运用X-射线衍射检测黏土岩矿物组成、运用扫描电镜(SEM)观察黏土岩微观结构、从黏土岩与水的相互作用和抗风化性等工程应用角度介绍黏土岩;认识组成黏土岩细小颗粒之间作用力,对于建立微观结构模型,解释黏土岩的性质有重要意义。

关键词: 黏土岩, 微结构, 混层矿物, 抗风化