Lane Allocation of Highway Toll Gate Based on Cost Analysis

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1674-0696.2018.01.14

Abstract

Abstract: From the angles of construction operation cost and delay cost, a cost model to minimize the total costs was established, combined with the queuing theory. Taking Chenhai toll gate as an example, the reasonable construction scheme of the toll gate was discussed in the case of different arrival flow and ETC vehicle proportion, and the minimum cost values under different conditions were obtained. The relationship between the total cost, the construction operation cost, the delay cost and ETC vehicle proportion as well as the arrival flow was also studied. The results show that increasing the proportion of ETC can effectively reduce the total cost and the delay cost, and when the proportion of ETC remains at a high level (＞70%), the measures of increasing the proportion of ETC can also reduce the cost of construction and operation.

Key words: traffic engineering, toll gate, queuing theory, cost analysis, lane allocation

摘要： 从建设运营成本和延误成本两个角度出发，结合排队论的知识，建立使两者的总成本达到最小的成本模型。以陈海收费站为例，讨论了在不同到达流量以及ETC车辆比例的情况下收费站的合理建设方案，得出了不同情况下的最小成本的值，并且研究了总成本，建设运营成本和延误成本与到达流量和 ETC车辆比例的关系。结果表明：提高ETC的比例能有效降低总成本和延误成本，且当ETC比例处于高水平时（＞70%)，提高ETC比例也能降低建设运营费用。

关键词: 交通工程, 收费站, 排队论, 成本分析, 车道配置

CLC Number:

U412.366.1

JI Yangbeibei, ZHOU Jinfeng. Lane Allocation of Highway Toll Gate Based on Cost Analysis[J]. Journal of Chongqing Jiaotong University(Natural Science), 2018, 37(1): 85-91.

姬杨蓓蓓，周金凤. 基于成本分析的高速公路收费站车道配置研究[J]. 重庆交通大学学报（自然科学版）, 2018, 37(1): 85-91.

References

［1］ TSENG P H, LIN D Y, CHIEN S. Investigating the impact of highway electronic toll collection to the external cost: a case study
in Taiwan ［J］. Technological Forecasting and Social Change, 2014, 86(340): 265-272.
［2］ AMORIM M, LOBO A, RODRIGUES C, et al. Optimal location of electronic toll gantries: the case of a Portuguese freeway ［J］.
Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences, 2014, 111(23): 880-889.
［3］ LIU Lili, WENG Jiancheng, RONG Jian. Simulation based mixed ETC/MTC freeway toll station capacity ［C］// 19th World
Congressional Intelligent Transport Systems and Services (ITS). Vienna, Austria, 2012.
［4］周崇华，周九州，苏志哲．基于排队论和增量效益成本比率最大化的ETC车道配置模型研究［J］．交通运输系统工程与信息，2009，9(5)：77-84
．
ZHOU Chonghua, ZHOU Jiuzhou, SU Zhizhe. Modeling ETC lane development based on queuing theory and incremental-benefit-cost ratio
maximum ［J］. Journal of Transportation Systems Engineering and Information Technology, 2009, 9(5): 77-84.
［5］曲明革．高速公路出入口收费车道数研究［J］．公路，2012(5)：262-267．
QU Mingge. Study on the toll roads of freeway ［J］. Highway, 2012(5): 262-267.
［6］吴春雷，常玉林．高速公路收费广场收费车道配置研究［J］．公路工程，2008，33(5)：172-175．
WU Chunlei, CHANG Yulin. Configuration research of toll-gate on freeway ［J］. Highway Engineering, 2008, 33(5): 172-175.
［7］赵一飞，杨少伟．高速公路设计［M］．北京：人民交通出版社，2006．
ZHAO Yifei, YANG Shaowei. Expressway Design ［M］. Beijing: China Communication Press, 2006.
［8］左为恒，江代君．立体车库的排队与效率分析［J］．重庆交通大学学报(自然科学版)，2015，34(4)：113-116．
ZUO Weiheng, JIANG Daijun. Queuing and efficiency analysis on stereo garage［J］. Journal of Chongqing Jiaotong University(Natural
Science),2015, 34(4): 113-116.
［9］林小涵，关宏志．公路收费站ETC系统改造项目经济费用效益计算方法的研究［J］．公路，2012(6)：156-163．
LIN Xiaohan, GUAN Hongzhi. A study on economic cost-benefit analysis method for ETC improvement project of highway toll station ［J］.
Highway, 2012(6): 156-163.
［10］宗芳，隽志才，张慧永，等．出行时间价值计算及应用研究［J］．交通运输系统工程与信息，2009，9(3)：114-119．
ZONG Fang, JUAN Zhicai, ZHANG Huiyong, et al. Calculation and application of value of travel time ［J］. Journal of Transportation
Systems Engineering and Information Technology, 2009, 9(3): 114-119.
［11］罗朝晖．弹性需求下基于时间价值及基尼系数的拥挤收费设计［J］．重庆交通大学学报(自然科学版)，2015，34(5)：114-119．
LUO Chaohui. Traffic congestion pricing design based on time values and Gini coefficient of elastic demand ［J］. Journal of Chongqing
Jiaotong University (Natural Science), 2015, 34(5): 114-119.

[1]	JIAO Liudan, WANG Yijie, HUO Xiaosen, WU Liu. Carbon Emission Prediction of Traffic in the Upper Yangtze River Based on Lasso-GWO-RF Model [J]. Journal of Chongqing Jiaotong University(Natural Science), 2026, 45(4): 54-60.
[2]	ZHENG Jianhua, GAO Yunfei. Ramp Merging Strategy Based on Rule-Guided Multi-agent Reinforcement Learning [J]. Journal of Chongqing Jiaotong University(Natural Science), 2026, 45(4): 69-80.
[3]	LI Li1，XIE Quan1，ZHU Jinyu1，WANG Runmin2，GONG Xianwu1. Vehicle Collision Risks Assessment at Unsignalized Roundabouts Based on Safety Potential Field [J]. Journal of Chongqing Jiaotong University(Natural Science), 2026, 45(4): 81-88.
[4]	FAN Zhiqiang1, LIANG Jiahui1, LI Shanshan2. Electric Bus Charging Facility Layout and Scheduling Optimization Considering Deadhead Time [J]. Journal of Chongqing Jiaotong University(Natural Science), 2026, 45(4): 89-98.
[5]	WANG Haiyong, WANG Menglin, ZHANG Dan. Traffic Signal Control System Based on Lightweight Large Language Model [J]. Journal of Chongqing Jiaotong University(Natural Science), 2026, 45(3): 65-72.
[6]	ZHANG Mengmeng, WANG Haonan, LIN Qinghai, YU Lei. Short-Term Traffic State Prediction Based on Traffic Flow Parameters and Image Latent Features [J]. Journal of Chongqing Jiaotong University(Natural Science), 2026, 45(3): 73-80.
[7]	ZHAO Yunfei1, XIE Shiting1, WANG Changshuai3, WANG Peng2, ZHU Tong1. Causes of Rider Run-Over Crashes and Injury Severity Based on Automated Machine Learning [J]. Journal of Chongqing Jiaotong University(Natural Science), 2026, 45(3): 98-110.
[8]	LIU Yunlong1, WANG Wei1, NIU Li2, WANG Ligang3. Power Battery Recycling of New Energy Vehicles under Dynamic and Static Rewards and Punishments [J]. Journal of Chongqing Jiaotong University(Natural Science), 2026, 45(3): 111-119.
[9]	XU Tao1,2, REN Qiliang1, LI Jinyan3, LIN Wei1. Road State Recognition Clustering Algorithm Based on Improved Particle Swarm Optimization and K-means [J]. Journal of Chongqing Jiaotong University(Natural Science), 2026, 45(2): 47-56.
[10]	LAN Li， ZHAO Xin. Traffic Flow Prediction Based on Dynamic Graph Neural Delay Differential Equations [J]. Journal of Chongqing Jiaotong University(Natural Science), 2026, 45(2): 57-65.
[11]	JIAO Pengeng1, ZHANG Yao2, BAI Ruyu1, ZHANG Yao1. Hierarchical Variable Speed Limit Control Strategy Based on Safety Goal [J]. Journal of Chongqing Jiaotong University(Natural Science), 2026, 45(1): 45-2.
[12]	PAN Yiyong, WANG Congwei, SONG Wenchao, JIA Xilai. Nonlinear Impact of Built Environment on the Combined Travel Mode of Ride-Hailing and Metro [J]. Journal of Chongqing Jiaotong University(Natural Science), 2026, 45(1): 53-62.
[13]	LI Bing1, 2, YANG Jingfeng1, 2, LU Dazhi2, 3, YIN Juyuan1, 2, BAI Wenqiang1, 2. Traffic Flow of Motorized Vehicle and Non-motorized Vehicle Based on the Integration of Survival Analysis Method and Improved NaSch Model [J]. Journal of Chongqing Jiaotong University(Natural Science), 2026, 45(1): 63-74.
[14]	GAN Zuoxian, LIU Yaxin, ZHAO Ruijia. Reversing Variable Lane Design and Signal Timing Optimization Considering Saturation Time Non-stationarity [J]. Journal of Chongqing Jiaotong University(Natural Science), 2026, 45(1): 75-85.
[15]	CUI Mengmeng, ZHU Yongming. Prediction of Driving Risk Level Based on Extreme Value Theory [J]. Journal of Chongqing Jiaotong University(Natural Science), 2026, 45(1): 86-85.