Abstract: A multi-objective dynamic topology optimization damping material design method was proposed to control the interior constant noise performance of a certain kind of cars. Firstly, the acoustic and vibration coupling model of the vehicle body was established, and the low frequency noise performance inside the vehicle was calculated and analyzed. Then, the body wall panel noise contribution and modal contribution were taken as the comprehensive evaluation index to establish a multi-objective optimization function of the dynamic mechanical properties of the body panel, and the topology optimization technique was used to obtain the optimal layout of the damping material. Finally, through calculation analysis and actual vehicle verification, it was known that the proposed optimization scheme of damping material had a better effect on improving interior noise performance than the traditional design scheme of damping material based on modal strain energy did. The research shows that the proposed topology optimization design method of damping material can provide ideas and scheme reference for low-frequency noise control of similar vehicles.

Key words: vehicle engineering, noise in car, damping material, topology optimization

摘要： 针对某车型车内匀速噪声性能控制，提出一种多目标动力学拓扑优化阻尼材料设计方法。首先，建立车身声振耦合模型，计算分析车内低频噪声性能。然后，以车身壁板噪声贡献量及模态贡献量为综合评价指标，构建车身壁板动态力学性能多目标优化函数，并运用拓扑优化技术获取了阻尼材料最佳布局。最后，通过计算分析和实车验证，获知该阻尼材料优化方案较传统的基于模态应变能的阻尼材料设计方案对车内噪声性能改善具有更佳效果。上述研究表明，该阻尼材料拓扑优化设计方法可为类似车型车内低频噪声控制提供思路借鉴和方案参考。

关键词: 车辆工程, 车内噪声, 阻尼材料, 拓扑优化