Abstract: The complex flow condition of turn-around curved channel poses a great threat to the navigation safety of ships. The small-scale ship model was adopted to study navigation of hub. According to the size parameters and maneuverability indexes of the real ship, a small-scale model of a real ship was manufactured, and the experiments were carried out to simulate the motion of the real ship. Four kinds of ship navigation schemes, i.e. channel radius r=360, 440, 480 m of small radius turn-around curved channel and optional route, were selected to study the parameters of ship model navigation, such as the maximum rudder angle Rmax, maximum drift angle Dmax and speed V under the four representative flow conditions of Q=1,160 m3/s, 4,000 m3/s, 6,000 m3/s and 7,550 m3/s. And the design scheme of turn-around curved channel regulation was evaluated comprehensively. The results show that the ship navigation scheme of the optional route is better than the other three schemes; the difficulty of sailing up and down increases with the increase of four representative flows Q. The difficulty of the ship navigation is pointed out, and the optimal route and safe driving mode are put forward. The research conclusion can be used as the basis for the regulation of small radius turn-around curved channel.

Key words: waterway engineering, small-scale ship model technology, small radius turn-around curved channel

摘要： 回头弯曲航道流态复杂，严重威胁船舶通航安全。采用小尺度船模技术研究了枢纽通航，根据实船船型尺度参数、操纵性能指标，制作了实船的小比尺船模，进行了模拟实船航行的试验研究；选择小半径回头弯曲航道的航槽半径r= 360、440、480 m及自选航线这4种船舶航行方案，研究了Q=1 160、4 000、6 000、7 550 m3/s这4个代表流量工况下，船模航行的最大舵角Rmax、最大漂角Dmax、航速V等参数；综合评价了回头弯曲航道整治设计方案。结果表明：自选航线的船舶航行方案比其他3种预设航槽方案好；上、下行的航行难度随4种代表流量Q的增大而增大；指出了船舶通航难点，提出了最优航线和安全驾驶方式。研究结果可作为小半径回头弯曲航道整治的依据。

关键词: 航道工程, 小尺度船模技术, 小半径回头弯曲航道