Abstract: The development of urban slow traffic has been restricted by the problems such as the low turnover rate and the high scheduling cost in the process of shared bicycle operation. Aiming at the limitation of the assumptions of the current bicycle scheduling model, a transfer maximization strategy in the mode of shared economy was proposed. Based on the detailed analysis of the shared bicycle scheduling cost and related parameters, a shared bicycle scheduling model was established with the goal of minimizing the cost and maximizing the launch rate. The elite strategy and evolution operator were introduced to improve the genetic algorithm. The TOPSIS method was used to select the optimal route from the effective routes solved by the improved algorithm.A certain area in Beijing was selected for simulation analysis. The results show that the improved algorithm has good ability of searching for optimal solutions. Compared with the conventional scheduling model, the alternative scheduling routes are increased by 74.3%, and the average scheduling cost is further reduced by 18.3%.

Key words: traffic engineering, urban traffic, scheduling method, shared bicycle, vehicle routing problem, genetic algorithm

摘要： 共享单车运营过程中出现的周转率低、调度成本过高等问题制约了城市慢行交通的发展。针对现有自行车调度模型假设条件的局限性，提出共享经济模式下转运最大化策略。在详细分析共享单车调度成本及相关参数的基础上，以成本最小和投放率最高为目标建立了共享单车调度模型。引入精英策略和进化算子对遗传算法进行改进，并采用TOPSIS法在改进算法求解出的有效路线集中选择最优路线。选取北京市某区域进行仿真分析，结果表明改进算法寻优能力较好。与常规调度模型相比，可选择调度路线增加了74.3%，平均调度成本进一步降低了18.3%.

关键词: 交通工程, 城市交通, 调度方法, 共享单车, 车辆路线问题, 遗传算法