Abstract: The hydraulic parameter of rapids abating is a standard for rapids shoal regulation, but it is often difficult to reach the ideal rated condition when it is determined by ship trial. Firstly, three ideal rated conditions of determining hydraulic parameter of rapids abating by ship trial were pointed out and a method of simply determining hydraulic parameter of rapids abating by rated load and rated power conditions was given. Then, according to the balance equations of forces in non-rated conditions and rated conditions respectively, the conversion formulas for converting the measured water speed in non-rated conditions into the speed corresponding to the hydraulic parameter of rapids abating were deduced, and three conversion methods were given, such as Zvankov resistance formula, general resistance formula and modified general resistance formula. According to the results of the still water speed of the class IV waterway of the Lancang River and the real ship test on the beach, the processes of data selection at measarement points, calculation of propulsive coefficient and fitting of slope flow index were demonstrated. The calculation results of three conversion methods were compared, and a simple and reasonable conversion formula was recommended.

Key words: waterway engineering; hydraulic parameter of rapids abating; full scale ship test; non-rated conditions; conversion method; navigation flow resistance

摘要： 消滩水力指标是急滩整治依据的一项标准，但采用实船试验确定时常常难以满足理想的额定条件。首先指出了实船试验确定消滩水力指标的3个理想额定条件，给出了额定载重，额定功率条件下确定消滩水力指标的简单方法。根据非额定工况和额定工况各自的受力平衡方程，导出了将非额定工况的实测对水航速转换为消滩水力指标对应航速的转换公式，并给出了兹万科夫阻力公式法、通用阻力公式法和修正通用阻力公式法等3个转换方法。依据澜沧江四级航道静水航速和上滩实船试验成果，演示了测点数据的取舍、推进系数的计算、坡流指标的拟合等过程，并对比了3个转换方法的计算成果，推荐了简便合理的转换公式。

关键词: 航道工程；消滩水力指标；实船试验；非额定工况；转换方法；航行水流阻力