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15 October 2013, Volume 32 Issue 5 Previous Issue    Next Issue

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Vibration Characteristics of Leaning Arch Bridge Wang Jianqiu，He Fali，Zhu Dongsheng 2013, 32(5): 903-906.  DOI: 10.3969 /j.issn.1674-0696.2013.05.01 Abstract ( )   PDF (290KB) ( )   Taking Liu-Wu Bridge in Lhasa as the research project，the finite element model of the bridge was established by using the software MIDAS /Civil． The dynamic characteristics，seismic response and vice arch inclination change were analyzed， in order to study the performances of the structure． The results show that the low-order mode shapes of the bridge is mainly the transverse bending of the deck，the lateral stiffness of the deck is weaker; when the waves are inputted in one direction and three dimension，the change rules and influence degree are different in the internal forces for each control section of the lord vice arch． The enlargement of vice arch inclination angle significantly improves the lateral stiffness of structure， and decreases the bending moment of arch rib as well as the lateral displacement of the arch top． But it has little impact on the internal forces of the main arch． References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Selection of Overturning Axis in Lateral Stability Calculation of Girder Bridge Zhou Zijie，Ｒuan Xin，Shi Xuefei 2013, 32(5): 907-910.  DOI: 10.3969 /j.issn.1674-0696.2013.05.02 Abstract ( )   PDF (290KB) ( )   According to the method that overturning stability coefficients used to verify the lateral stability of bridge in current engineering practice，the selection of overturning axes in the cases of different bearing arrangements and different curvature radius was discussed． Both theoretical analysis and FEM calculation results indicate that both for straight girder bridge and curved bridge with large radius，lateral overturning around the axis through the outboard bearings at the abutments of both ends should be checked． For curved bridge with relatively small radius，whose bearings arranged outside the axis through the outboard bearings，lateral overturning around the axis through two outboard bearings of adjacent spans in the middle of the bridge should be checked． References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Ｒeasonable Calculation Model of Irregular Box Girder Concrete Bridge Tao Nengqian，Ye Yanxia 2013, 32(5): 911-914.  DOI: 10.3969 /j.issn.1674-0696.2013.05.03 Abstract ( )   PDF (353KB) ( )   Irregular box girder has a complex structure in the city overpass，which has significantly spatial responses and bending and torsion coupling characteristics． Under the interaction of live loads，the transverse stress of bearings will be uneven， even overload and escapes． Combining with a case study of a certain project with irregular box girder，two and threedimensional finite element model methods were used to analyze the behaviors subjected to traffic load． Analysis and load test results were compared and discussed under local and national specifications． Finally，the reasonable calculation model of the concrete bridge with irregular box girder was deeply discussed． References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Influence of Construction Error on Suspender Length of Suspension Bridges Xu Teng，Zhang Yongshui，Zeng Xiong 2013, 32(5): 915-917.  DOI: 10.3969 /j.issn.1674-0696.2013.05.04 Abstract ( )   PDF (278KB) ( )   Unloaded cable linear form was measured after the erection of common strands of suspension bridge． The vector height of unload cable linear form was amended and compared with the theoretical results． So the causes of error were analyzed． In order to study the influence of unload cable linear form on the main cable linear form of the bridge，a simple method was often used in the engineering practice to predict the main cable sag when the bridge was constructed． The error of main cable linear form is thought to be the same with the error of unload cable linear form． According to engineering practice， an alternative method of prediction of the error was proposed． Appropriate measures are taken to adjust the suspender length so as to ensure the linear form of the bridge meet the design requirements when the bridge is completed． References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Maintenance Strategy of Performance-Based Concrete Bridges in Life Cycle Xiang Yiqiang，Wu Qiangqiang 2013, 32(5): 918-925.  DOI: 10.3969 /j.issn.1674-0696.2013.05.05 Abstract ( )   PDF (393KB) ( )   As far as the reinforced concrete and PC bridge was concerned，some existing problems in planning design，construction， operation and maintenance of concrete bridges were analyzed，such as insufficient load bearing capacity caused by uneven settlement of piers in bridges，horizontal displacement，temperature change，overload，the low design load level in original bridge design，shrinkage and creep of concrete and poor durability and performance degradation of concrete structures caused by chloride permeability，steel bar corrosion，carbonization and cover spalling of concrete，long-term deflection and cracking of main girder，the rain leakage and corrosion of concrete． From the aspects of safety，applicability，durability， economy，environmental protection and the sustainability of structure in the life cycle，the maintenance objectives，performance level，and corresponding strategies and methods of performance-based bridge were explored and discussed． References | Related Articles | Metrics

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3D Numerical Simulation of Cylindrical Flow around Piers by Two-Way Fluid-Structure Coupling Ｒen Hui，Zhou Yitang，Li Ｒui 2013, 32(5): 926-929.  DOI: 10.3969 /j.issn.1674-0696.2013.05.06 Abstract ( )   PDF (564KB) ( )   The producing and development process of the vortex shedding from the circular cylinder were simulated by the software ANSYS CFX，and the calculative example was also given． The Navier-Stokes ( N-S) equation was dispersed by finite volume method，and SIMPLE method was used to solve the discrete N-S equation． The distribution of surrounding pressure coefficient around circular cylinder surface，the drag coefficient，the lift coefficient and Strouhal number of the circular cylinder were calculated and analyzed． The influence of two-dimensional fluid-structure coupling on the flow characteristics around a circular cylinder was obtained． The results of calculation show that because the cylinder is influenced by the water flow，the cylindrical lift and wake flow characteristics show the periodic change，and single frequency vibration also occurs． References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Stability of Small Space Gradient Overlapping Tunnel under Shield Dynamic Load Li Dong，Zhang Fengwu，Zhou Shengcai，Zhou Dongping，Guo Chenye，Xia Binwei 2013, 32(5): 930-933.  DOI: 10.3969 /j.issn.1674-0696.2013.05.07 Abstract ( )   PDF (551KB) ( )   Based on Huahuiyuan—Dalongshan small space gradient overlapping metro tunnels of Chongqing Transit Line 6， the deformation，additional inner force and bending moments were studied under shield dynamic load by numerical simulation and monitoring，and laws of the existing tunnel stability effected by the shield machine passed through were revealed． The results indicate that the maximum deformation occurs about 2 to 3m behind the support boots of shield machine，and uneven settlement mainly occurs in the range between 1． 5D ( D is the diameter of the tunnel) in front of the support boots and 2． 5D behind; shield passing will cause significant additional internal force behind the support boots and little influence forward． According to this，the countermeasures have been taken into account，mainly including weakening longitudinal effect and enhancing its own resistance，which are fully utilized in the post-construction of Chongqing Transit Line 6，and a good effect has been achieved． References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Analysis of Influence Characteristics of Multi-Arch Tunnel under Adjacent Deep Foundation Pit Construction Hu Wenliang，Chen Yinchun 2013, 32(5): 934-937.  DOI: 10.3969 /j.issn.1674-0696.2013.05.08 Abstract ( )   PDF (634KB) ( )   Based on the deep foundation pit construction on adjacent multi-arch tunnel of Jianggai Ｒoad，the finite element software named MIDAS /GTS was used to establish three-dimensional model to calculate and analyze the influence characteristics of multi-arch tunnel under adjacent deep foundation construction． Through the finite element simulation of deep excavation construction process，the multi-arch tunnel structure’s displacement，stress and strain could be got to analyze the influence characteristics under deep foundation pit construction． The analysis results could be helpful for similar projects in the future constructions． References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Mechanic Behavior of Ｒesonant Ｒubblization on Concrete Slab Liu Jinfu 2013, 32(5): 938-942.  DOI: 10.3969 /j.issn.1674-0696.2013.05.09 Abstract ( )   PDF (411KB) ( )   The dynamic model，natural frequencies，the pressure of resonant broken hammer and its transmission ways and laws of the cement concrete slab was discussed and analyzed by the finite element numerical method，which was based on the Winkler foundation model． The results show that the different hammering speeds generate different contact pressure， which cause different crushed effect． The most reasonable hammered contact force adopted in resonant rubblization project should be in range of 20 to 35 MPa． According to the fact that the most reasonable hammer contact impact force given in the practical construction with the fail model of cement concrete slab is the form of “upper rubblized and lower tensile cracked ”， the depth rubblized is in the range of 10 cm． References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Theoretical Analysis on Influence of Overlay on Crack Ｒesistance of Old Cement Pavement Gao Yuanyuan，Zhong Yang，Li Ｒui 2013, 32(5): 943-949.  DOI: 10.3969 /j.issn.1674-0696.2013.05.10 Abstract ( )   PDF (493KB) ( )   The effect of overlay on the crack resistance of cement concrete pavement with cracks was analyzed． In order to simplify this problem，a theoretic analysis model was established by the application of fracture mechanics． Taking the cement concrete pavement as an elastic plate on Winkler foundation，Fourier transform and dislocation density function were used，to deduce the singular integral equation． Lobatto － Chebyshev integration formula，as a numerical method，has been used to solve the singular integral equations． The numerical solution and the expression of stress intensity factor at the crack top were obtained． A case study was carried out，and the stress intensity factors at the crack top with and without the overlay were compared． The results show that the thickness and elasticity modulus of overlay are important factors for the effect of overlay when the overlay reduces the stress intensity factor at the crack top． References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Influence of Asphalt Species on Fatigue Performance of Gussasphalt Concrete Hao Zengheng 2013, 32(5): 950-952.  DOI: 10.3969 /j.issn.1674-0696.2013.05.11 Abstract ( )   PDF (376KB) ( )   The influence of 3 kinds of asphalt species on the fatigue performance of gussasphalt concrete was studied by means of four-point fatigue bending test under strain-controlled mode． The results show that different asphalt species influence the fatigue performance of gussasphalt concrete significantly; the fatigue performance of gussasphalt concrete is excellent when SK70 and lake asphalt compound modified asphalt and ZX-30 modified asphalt are chosen． Different asphalt species significantly influence the visco-elasticity of gussasphalt concrete as well; the bigger lag angles of gussasphalt concrete are，the better fatigue life is． References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Influence of ＲAP Segregation on Performance of Ｒecycled Asphalt Mixture Yu Zhilong，Huang Gang，He Zhaoyi，Wang Guowei，Chen Xianyong 2013, 32(5): 953-957.  DOI: 10.3969 /j.issn.1674-0696.2013.05.12 Abstract ( )   PDF (389KB) ( )   Based on laboratory tests，the influence of the state and degree of ＲAP segregation on volume parameter，mechanic performance and service performance of recycled asphalt mixture was analyzed． The study shows that ＲAP segregation has a significant influence on the performance of recycled asphalt mixture，and the coarse ＲAP segregation has a greater influence than fine ＲAP segregation． In the process of coarse ＲAP segregation，the recycled mixtures are of high air voids， which is greatly disadvantageous for the moisture stability and reduce dramatically the low temperature performance，fatigue life and indirect tensile strength． Under the same level of segregation，the coarse ＲAP segregation has a greater influence on the recycled asphalt mixture than that does on the asphalt mixture． Although ＲAP partial fine segregation has no obvious adverse effect on moisture stability and fatigue life of recycled asphalt mixes，it obviously reduces the rutting resistance and crack resistance performance at low temperature． References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Pavement Performance of Evotherm Warm-Ｒecycled Asphalt Mixture Li Jiakun，Kong Lingyun，Chen Xianyong，Guo Tianbiao，Guo Peng，Liu Zhenqiu 2013, 32(5): 958-960.  DOI: 10.3969 /j.issn.1674-0696.2013.05.13 Abstract ( )   PDF (358KB) ( )   Through rutting test，freeze-thaw splitting test and bending test of asphalt mixture，the high-temperature performance， water stability property and low-temperature performance of the warm mix asphalt based on Evotherm and hot asphalt mixture were studied． The test results show that Evotherm warm-mixed agent has certain influence on high temperature performance and the water stability property，but has little influence on the low-temperature performance; adding reclaimed asphalt mixture is beneficial to improve the high temperature stability of warm mix asphalt based on Evotherm，but the lowtemperature bending performance is significantly reduced; the water stability property of warm mix asphalt mixture increases firstly and then decreases with the increasing adding amount of reclaimed asphalt mixture． References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Water Stability of Central Plant Hot Ｒecycling Mixtures Fang Yang，Li Shanqiang，Liu Yu 2013, 32(5): 961-964.  DOI: 10.3969 /j.issn.1674-0696.2013.05.14 Abstract ( )   PDF (355KB) ( )   Through immersion Marshall test，freezing-thawing splitting test，Cantabro immersion scattering test and the bitumen toughness test，the water stability of AC-25 and AC-20 hot recycling mixtures was researched and evaluated． Test results show that the hot recycling mixtures possess the optimal water stability when ＲAP adding amount is 30%; immersion scattering loss and bitumen bonding have a good relationship． The concept of bitumen bonding is proposed and Cantabro immersion scattering test is also proposed to evaluate the water stability． References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Compaction Characteristics of Ｒeclaimed Asphalt Mixture Ji Xiaoping，Zheng Nanxiang，Gan Xinli 2013, 32(5): 965-968.  DOI: 10.3969 /j.issn.1674-0696.2013.05.15 Abstract ( )   PDF (349KB) ( )   Superpave gyratory compacter ( SGC) was used to make the specimens，and compaction characteristics parameters were calculated by the SGC compaction densification curves，in order to analyze the influence of mixture type，nominal maximum size and ＲAP blending rate on the compaction characteristics of reclaimed asphalt mixture ． The results show that the K1 and CEI of SMA mixture is higher than that of AC mixture，and SMA is more difficult to compact; the TDI of SMA-13 mixture is higher and K2 is lower than AC，and SMA mixture has better anti-deformation ability after opening to traffic; with the increase of the nominal maximum size，K1 and CEI increase; TDI increases but K2 decreases gradually it is more difficult to be compacted and the capability of anti-deformation is gradually improved as the nominal maximum size increases; higher blending rate of ＲAP leads to larger K1 ，CEI and TDI，and smaller K2 ，and harder to compact，and higher ability to resist deformation after opening to traffic． References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Numerical Simulation of Inversion of Anti-Shearing Strength Parameters of Landslide Liu Guanghua，Xiong Chao，Zhao Peng 2013, 32(5): 969-973.  DOI: 10.3969 /j.issn.1674-0696.2013.05.16 Abstract ( )   PDF (489KB) ( )   With FLAC3D software as platforms，secondary development was carried out on the basis of the convergence criteria by the built-in FISH language，and stability coefficients of landslide were identified according to the unbalance-reduction coefficient． FLAC3D strength reduction method was applied to the analysis on the stability coefficients of landslide in different c，φ value． And the sensitivity of c，φ value on the stability coefficients of landslide was also analyzed． Compared with the limit equilibrium method，both methods indicate that φ value was more sensitive on the landslide stability coefficients than c value． Through the comparative analysis on the shear strength reduction method and the limit equilibrium method，the comprehensive value was used as anti-shearing strength parameter，which was used for the supporting structure design of the landslide． The calculation results indicate that the shear strain of landslide mainly focuses on the middle part or the lower part，and the landslide is shear failure． References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Suction of Unsaturated Loess and Shear Strength of the Test Study Yuan Kangfeng，Su Zhongming，Sun Zhijie 2013, 32(5): 974-978.  DOI: 10.3969 /j.issn.1674-0696.2013.05.17 Abstract ( )   PDF (575KB) ( )   According to the tri-axial test of drainage control suction collapsible loess in Shanxi and the suction is controlled in two phases of consolidation and shear，the law of suction for the strength of collapsible loess was studied． The results show that the consolidation of soil volume increases with the increase of confined pressure，but reduces with the increase of suction; effective stress strength index c increases with the increase of suction; however，effective stress strength index φ basically keeps the same with the increase of suction force． Adsorption strength increases with the increase of matrix suction，but there is an extreme value． References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Offset Optimization Method of Trunk Ｒoad Coordinated Control Based on CTM Li Shuqing，Li Ｒenjie，Xie Xiaozhong 2013, 32(5): 979-984.  DOI: 10.3969 /j.issn.1674-0696.2013.05.18 Abstract ( )   PDF (632KB) ( )   In order to research the offset optimization method of trunk road signal coordinated control，the traffic flow models closer to actual vehicle motion state and the signal coordinated control optimization models of an urban trunk road were constructed， based on cell transmission model ( CTM) ． With the help of the immune genetic algorithm ( IGA) ，the offset optimization method of two-way trunk road signal coordinated was put forward． Through the simulation experimental platform estbalished by MATALB 7． 0 programming，the models and optimization methods were verified． Ｒesearch results show that the average vehicle delay obtained by the optimization method reduces by 26． 2% and 17． 3% respectively，compared with those got by the traditional graphic solution and numeric solution methods． References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Multi-Mode Bus Stopping Based on Comprehensive Costs Optimization Shu Lei，Chen Jun，Wang Hao 2013, 32(5): 985-990.  DOI: 10.3969 /j.issn.1674-0696.2013.05.19 Abstract ( )   PDF (540KB) ( )   In order to improve the quality of transit operation，the multi-mode optimization of bus stopping based on comprehensive costs was studied． Firstly，with the consideration of various constraints，including bus transit capacity，passenger volume，time and capacity rate，the influence factors of stop mode were analyzed and quantification representations were given． Then，models based on minimizing passengers’travel costs and transit vehicles’operation costs were established． The algorithm based on GA was given to solve the model． A case study was carried out to verify the correctness of the model and the effectiveness of the algorithm． The results indicate that the comprehensive costs of passenger costs and bus operation costs can reduce by 51． 1% after the application of the multi-mode of bus stopping method in rushing hours． References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Distribution Forecasting of Ｒoad Passenger Transportation Demand in Fujian Based on VBA Lin Yuying，Chen Cheng，Liu Nacui，Qiu Ｒongzu 2013, 32(5): 991-994.  DOI: 10.3969 /j.issn.1674-0696.2013.05.20 Abstract ( )   PDF (497KB) ( )   On the basis of demand forecasting method of road passenger transportation，combing with one of the growth coefficient method，Detroit method，a system for passenger transportation demand distribution forecasting based on Excel VBA was designed and developed． Fujian province，as case study for road passenger transportation demand distribution forecasting， was divided into 9 traffic villages． According to the passenger traffic statistics data of each traffic village in the nearly 5 years，the system was used to forecast the demand distribution volume for 2015，considering the population distribution and economic development trend． Through calculation，it is found that the average relative error rate is 13． 1% by comparing the forecasting data with survey data． The results show that the proposed system has the advantages of simple operation， high accuracy and operation speed; the working efficiency of the passenger transportation planning can be improved with this system． References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Urban Land Classification Based on Traffic Demand Wang Yanli，Li Linbo，Yi Junwei，Wu Bing 2013, 32(5): 995-1001.  DOI: 10.3969 /j.issn.1674-0696.2013.05.21 Abstract ( )   PDF (610KB) ( )   Urban land use is a key factor for traffic problems，and the effective coordination of its relationship with the transport will help to ease the traffic congestion． In order to fully consider the impact of land use on transportation system early in the planning，the traffic demand and its characteristics of all kinds of existing urban land were analyzed from the association of the urban land use and transportation-traffic demand． And the systematic analysis，the qualitative and quantitative methods were combined to carry out the proposed analysis． And then，according to two fundamental properties of traffic demand， which were the spatial and temporal characteristics，the temporal and spatial classification of urban land was carried out． Finally， the temporal and spatial classification of urban land could reflect its traffic demand characteristics，which was a complement to the existing classification of urban land． References | Related Articles | Metrics

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BAS Simulation System for Urban Ｒailway Qiu Weihua，Li Jian，Huang Lu，Huang Yuanchun 2013, 32(5): 1002-1005.  DOI: 10.3969 /j.issn.1674-0696.2013.05.22 Abstract ( )   PDF (492KB) ( )   BAS ( Building Automation System) simulation system for urban railway was developed to meet the requirements of training and practice． Combining with device models，on-site control cabinets and computer platform，the system could simulate the operation of BAS devices and systems． The proposed system can not only realize the co-operation among subsystems， but also can carry out the action plan for various emergencies，which improves the management of the operation of urban railway and the security mechanism． References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Improving Countermeasures for Safety of Mountainous Two-Lane Highway Liu Ｒonghua，Li Feng，Liu Tangzhi，Wan Donghua 2013, 32(5): 1006-1009.  DOI: 10.3969 /j.issn.1674-0696.2013.05.23 Abstract ( )   PDF (579KB) ( )   There are a large number of accidents on the mountainous two-lane highway． In view of the existing specifications， standards，guidelines and engineering experience，an evaluation standard of safety grade is established． The countermeasures for the safety are evaluated by the benefits costs ratio，and the model of ordering benefits costs ratio is also established， which provides the technical basis to improve the safety of mountainous two-lane highway． References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Numerical Simulation of Flow around Two Square Cylinders in Tandem Arrangement Lv Qibing，Yang Bin，Yang Zhongchao，Li Penghao 2013, 32(5): 1010-1013.  DOI: 10.3969 /j.issn.1674-0696.2013.05.24 Abstract ( )   PDF (537KB) ( )   Based on the finite volume method and the ＲNG k-ε model，in the case of Ｒe = 22， 000，two dimensional square cylinders of turbulent are simulated． The drag，the lift and the swirl characteristics of the square column in upstream and downstream with different square cylinders spacing ratio，and the change of the wake after the square cylinders are focused in the study． Calculation results show that: the upstream square cylinders stress is obviously greater than the downstream one，but the pulsation frequencies of two square cylinders are almost equal; the lift of square cylinders has big difference． The drag of the downstream square cylinder increases with the increase of distance along the flow． With the wake effect of the upstream cylinder，the lift of downstream square cylinder increases，and pulsation is obviously larger than that of a single- column situation． Finally，the evolution of flow field with different spacing is analyzed． References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Influence of Natural Gravel Geometric Shape on Starting Velocity Jiang Erzhong，Li Yang 2013, 32(5): 1014-1017.  DOI: 10.3969 /j.issn.1674-0696.2013.05.25 Abstract ( )   PDF (511KB) ( )   In order to have a better research on the movement law of sediment in mountainous rivers，two novel influence factors of sediment movement were proposed，which were particle shape parameters and particle saturation of sediment，on the basis of classic formulas of sediment incipient motion． According to this，the influence of geometric shapes on the incipient motion was analyzed theoretically and experimentally． The single factor analysis method was applied，which switched the start grain quality to approximately equal level． The starting power and velocity formula are obtained which can reflect the influence of geometric shape particles． References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Erosion and Deposition Characteristics of Zhuerqi Ｒeach in Fluctuating Backwater Area of the Three Gorges Chu Wanqiang，Geng Yajie，Zhang Yuchang 2013, 32(5): 1018-1021.  DOI: 10.3969 /j.issn.1674-0696.2013.05.26 Abstract ( )   PDF (434KB) ( )   Zhuerqi river is located in the middle of the fluctuating backwater area of the Three Gorges with 175m． The erosion and deposition of the characteristics of this reach in 2009 flow process were simulated through the generalized model test． The analysis results indicate that the fall scouring，the deposition in flood season，annual erosion and deposition of this reach are basically balanced． Combining with the analysis on the influence factors of river erosion and deposition of this reach，the best scouring time of the Three Gorges Ｒeservoir in the fluctuating backwater area was discussed，which offered certain reference for the similar studies． References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Navigation Hydraulics of Cangxi Navigation-Power Junction in Jialing Ｒiver Yin Chongqing，Liu Shiwei，Liu Yang，Zhang Zhan 2013, 32(5): 1022-1026.  DOI: 10.3969 /j.issn.1674-0696.2013.05.27 Abstract ( )   PDF (681KB) ( )   Physical model test was applied to study the navigable flow condition at the entrance areas of ship-lock approaching channels under different navigable flow rates． Combining with the condition of the river regime，the test had been conducted systematically to deal with navigable problems including the impact of layout of the approach channel on the navigable flow condition． Improvement measures which could deal with navigable problems effectively were proposed． References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Experimental Ｒesearch on Improvement Design of Bending Period in Zhongzuipo Hydropower Spillway Zhou Xifa，Cheng Yingpeng，Cheng Honglian，Xie Long，Li Yang 2013, 32(5): 1027-1030.  DOI: 10.3969 /j.issn.1674-0696.2013.05.28 Abstract ( )   PDF (527KB) ( )   In order to reduce the adverse effect of the shock caused by Zhongzuipo bending discharge slot，to control the maximum lateral water surface difference as far as possible，to reduce the side-wall height on both sides and to make the flow velocity of water into the pond distribute equally，the engineering measures of floor transverse ultra-high combination guide wall in bending section were proposed． Through the serial model designs，the proposed scheme significantly improves the flow pattern，and it is also convenient for construction． References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Application of Accropodes in Channel Ｒegulation of Chuanjiang Ｒiver Yang Xiangfei 2013, 32(5): 1031-1034.  DOI: 10.3969 /j.issn.1674-0696.2013.05.29 Abstract ( )   PDF (447KB) ( )   The water and sediment movement characteristics of Chuanjiang Ｒiver，materials of traditional regulation structure and damage features were analyzed． Based on Tonggutan waterway regulation，the water and sediment movement characteristics in Tonggutan were compared． And the working condition，construction technology and actual effect of accropodes in Tonggutan were also analyzed． And then the conditions and requirements of accropodes’application were put forward． It was appropriate to adopt accropodes to the maintenance of dam in mountainous river with large discharge and quick flow speed． Grid control was used in the construction． The numbers of accropodes installed in per unit area meet the design requirements． References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Infulence of Ｒeservoir Sediment Deposition on Water-Intake of Power Plant Zhang Xujin，Zhang Jinlin，Zhou Qin，Zhang Zhan 2013, 32(5): 1035-1039.  DOI: 10.3969 /j.issn.1674-0696.2013.05.30 Abstract ( )   PDF (726KB) ( )   Sediment deposition of power plant water-intake is essential to the safe operation of power plants． So it is necessary to carry out a reasonable plan for the location of the intake． Combining with the construction of power plant water intake project of Huaneng Jiangjin along Oil Creek，the sediment deposition and its distribution as well as the impact of sediment deposition on the water-intake both before and after the completion of Xiaonanhai Ｒeservoir，were analyzed through physical model test． The results indicate that the river regime of the water intake is stable，and the water intake qualification is well． References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Linear Arrangement of Prestressed Ｒeinforcement of Depressed Chamber Slab Tao Guilan，Lin Jiayi 2013, 32(5): 1040-1044.  DOI: 10.3969 /j.issn.1674-0696.2013.05.31 Abstract ( )   PDF (570KB) ( )   Taking a certain ship lock engineering in Jiangsu as the research object，four types of linear arrangement of prestressed reinforcement of the depressed chamber slab are put forward，according to arrangement principles of the prestressed reinforcement and stress characteristics of the depressed chamber structure． Comparisons among arrangement schemes are made from the aspects of the prestressed effect，the loss of prestress，the feasibility of construction，etc． The linear arrangement schemes of prestressed reinforcement are simulated and analyzed by ANSYS finite element software． The calculation results indicate that the proposed linear arrangement scheme of prestressed reinforcement can effectively decrease the tensile stress values and uneven settlement，control the crack of concrete，and also reduce the consuming amount of concrete and steel bar． References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Adaptive-UFK Filter Algorithm for Vehicle Integrated Navigation System Lu Wenchang，Fei Yandong，Chen Long，Wang Ｒuochen 2013, 32(5): 1045-1048.  DOI: 10.3969 /j.issn.1674-0696.2013.05.32 Abstract ( )   PDF (603KB) ( )   In view of the detects existing in Kalman Filter and Extended Kalman Filter ( EKF) navigation，Unscented Kalman Filter( UKF) was introduced into GPS /DＲ integrated navigation system，and an improved window estimation algorithm was presented． An adaptive algorithm was used to regulate the window size，which could reduce the amount of calculation algorithm． The adaptive method was combined with UKF to track the system process noise in real time． The simulation results show that the proposed method has better precision，stability and adaptability，comparing with the traditional Unscented Kalman filter algorithm． References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Classification，State of the Art and Development Tendency of Strategies for Hybrid Electric Vehicles Wei Hanbing，He Yituan，Li Jun，Deng Tao 2013, 32(5): 1049-1054.  DOI: 10.3969 /j.issn.1674-0696.2013.05.33 Abstract ( )   PDF (414KB) ( )   The literature of the control strategies for hybrid electric vehicle which had been published during the past decade were summarized and analyzed． The current control strategies of hybrid electric vehicle mainly focused on the optimization of the torque supplied by the multi-power source in order to achieve the optimal fuel consumption，and as well as minimum impact when operation mode is changed; however，the emission performance of the hybrid electric vehicle need more attention． Moreover，the control strategies for hybrid electric vehicle should be designed not only to achieve the optimal fuel economy but also to take the engine’s exhaust emission into account． Especially during the cold start stage before the catalytic converter reach it’s " light-off" temperature，emission should be considered in the control strategy to meet the increasingly stringent emission regulations． And then the integrated control strategies including thermal management of engine and battery， energy management of hybrid vehicle，should be developed from the aspect of human-vehicle-road to meet the requirements of the actual driving cycle，with the consideration of following factors，the battery life，battery temperature，driving comfort and the reliability of various components． References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Bionic Design and Three-Dimensional Numerical Simulation of Engine Intake Wang Guolin，Fu Jing 2013, 32(5): 1055-1058.  DOI: 10.3969 /j.issn.1674-0696.2013.05.34 Abstract ( )   PDF (590KB) ( )   In order to reduce the engine intake duct resistance，a bionic non-smooth structure was proposed on the basis of basic principle of bionics． Computational fluid dynamics method was used to analyze the engine intake duct with bionic nonsmooth surface impacting on the resistance of 170F diesel engine intake． While，the fluent model of 170F diesel engine was developed，which includes engine intake air flow field，boundary conditions and initial conditions，and the turbulence of the inlet gas was described by SST k-ω turbulence model． In order to improve the calculation efficiency，the computational domain was meshed by multi-block grid technique． The simulation results show that the wall resistance of engine intake with dimple non-smooth surface was decreased by about 14． 2%，and the flow coefficient was increased by about 1． 2%． References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Automobile Braking System Performance Based on AMESim Deng Hongxing，Wang Xianbin 2013, 32(5): 1059-1062.  DOI: 10.3969 /j.issn.1674-0696.2013.05.35 Abstract ( )   PDF (597KB) ( )   It is a new method to study the brake system performance using the device producing fluctuant load for automobile brake line． The vehicle dynamics model with the device producing fluctuant load was established，which were based on AMESim simulation platform． Simulation tests of straight line acceleration and deceleration were carried out． Compared with simulation software veDYNA，the correctness of the system models was verified． Moreover，the vehicle test on BOSCHSDL26 automobile inspection line was also accomplished． The vehicle test results indicate that the device producing fluctuant load is able to perform the similar brake effect as ABS does． References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Modeling and Simulation of Sugar Cane Harvester Hydraulic System Based on AMESim Wang Haifei，Zhou Zhonghua，Zhang Chuanling 2013, 32(5): 1063-1067.  DOI: 10.3969 /j.issn.1674-0696.2013.05.36 Abstract ( )   PDF (648KB) ( )   Through a brief introduction of the type and structure of the sugar cane harvester，the hydraulic system of the small overall sugar cane harvester is designed． The control features of closed walking system and the working principle of DA valve are analyzed． The control principle and advantages of LUDV load sensing control system，which is used in the open device hydraulic system，are analyzed; and part of the implementing agencies are modeled and simulated by AMESim software． Simulation results show that LUDV load sensing control system meets the work requirements of the machine． References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Simulation and Optimization of Suspension System Based on Genetic Algorithm Pan Yunwei，Hu Qiguo，Luo Tianhong，Liang Wei，Zhang Jiao 2013, 32(5): 1068-1070.  DOI: 10.3969 /j.issn.1674-0696.2013.05.37 Abstract ( )   PDF (523KB) ( )   Through establishing 1 /4 car model with two degree freedom，the numerical model of car ride comfort simulation optimization was established． According to the requirements of the vehicle riding comfort，seating comfort and operation stability， the optimized objective function was put forward． A genetic algorithm model in Matlab program was established，and then genetic algorithm was used to solve model． Through the simulation，the three indexes of the vehicle riding comfort were analyzed and compared before and after the optimization． The simulation results show that the genetic algorithm achieves good effect in the optimization of car ride comfort． References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Empty Container Ｒeposition Model Based on Port Pairwise Decomposition Chen Feiyan，Wang Chuanxu 2013, 32(5): 1071-1076.  DOI: 10.3969 /j.issn.1674-0696.2013.05.38 Abstract ( )   PDF (474KB) ( )   Considering the pair wise decomposition，the empty container reposition among multiple ports means that the whole port system including many ports is decomposed into a group of subsystems and each subsystem contains two ports． The empty container reposition only exists in the ports in the same subsystem． The optimal empty container reposition strategy is determined，in the case that the expected totals costs at multiple stages are optimal． Firstly，the optimal empty container reposition models among multiple ports were respectively developed when all ports faceed the empty container demand at each stage，or when at most one port faces the empty container demand in different port systems． Secondly，the correspondingly pairwise decomposition reposition models were derived． Finally，a case study was carried out to verify the effectiveness of the proposed model，and with the help of Monte Carlo method，the pairwise decomposition reposition model and other reposition models were compared under different rent costs，reposition costs，storage costs and demand fluctuation． It is indicated that the pairwise decomposition reposition model is superior to other reposition models when the parameters are changed within a certain range． References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Limited Transportation Capacity Scheduling Method for Marine Casualties under Given Ｒesponse Time of Emergency Wang Jun，Chen Jinjing，Lu Yongyang，Wang Meirong 2013, 32(5): 1077-1081.  DOI: 10.3969 /j.issn.1674-0696.2013.05.39 Abstract ( )   PDF (453KB) ( )   Firstly，the resources and supporting methods for marine accidents were analyzed，and the general process of maritime emergency response was also proposed． In order to carry out the effective and timely rescue，the problem of rescue ships scheduling was focused． Under the double constraints of the limited transportation capacity of rescue ships and the limited response time in the shore-based response bases，the rescue ships needed several transportations to satisfy the demand of emergency materials for the casualties． For the special environment of maritime rescue，the influence of wind and wave factor on the ship’s velocity was introduced，and a scheduling model was established，which minimized the response time of emergency and the number of rescue ships when the demand of emergency was also satisfied． The solution of the proposed scheduling model was also given out，and a case study verifies the reasonability and effectiveness of the model． References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Supply Chain Part Buyback Contract Considering Ｒetailer’s Inventory Ｒisk Aversion Wei Guangxing，Deng Xin，Yang Chengcheng 2013, 32(5): 1082-1085.  DOI: 10.3969 /j.issn.1674-0696.2013.05.40 Abstract ( )   PDF (451KB) ( )   The retailer’s risk aversion was focused on the aversion of the overstock at the end of the season． Partial buyback contract was discussed by modeling． It was found that when the retailers focused on inventory risk aversion，the supply chain system could still achieve coordination． The buyback ratio was an increasing function of the inventory risk aversion，and it would be infinitely approximate to 1． Therefore，in order to achieve the supply chain coordination，supplier should adopt corresponding strategies，such as the increase of buyback ratio，to share the retailer’s risks． References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Visualization and Implement of P-Ⅲ Curve Based on VB-Excel Ye Ｒongbo，Du Tingna，Zhao Haifeng，Zhao Haibo 2013, 32(5): 1086-1090.  DOI: 10.3969 /j.issn.1674-0696.2013.05.41 Abstract ( )   PDF (673KB) ( )   Pearson type Ⅲ curve is often used in linear hydrologic frequency computation and Hazen probability paper is the preferred grid paper to draw Pearson type III curves． Dot painting is carried out by hand on the current Hessian probability paper，but the precision of dot painting is not easy to master，because of the inhomogeneity of coordinate system on grid paper． In view of this problem，Pearson type III curve fitting software was developed by the combination of Microsoft Visual Basic 6． 0 software and Microsoft Excel 11． 0 Object Livraryd dynamic link，which realized the automotive drawing and adjusting of Hazen probability paper，the real time monitoring of the coordinate system of grid paper，and the automotive fitting of Pearson type III curve． The proposed software is of good precision，strong interactivity and universality． References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Cost-Benefit Analysis of Credit-Based Congestion Pricing Scheme Fan Wenbo 2013, 32(5): 1091-1095.  DOI: 10.3969 /j.issn.1674-0696.2013.05.42 Abstract ( )   PDF (476KB) ( )   A credit-based congestion pricing ( CBCP) was presented to improve the effectiveness and social equity of the congestion pricing scheme． The CBCP allocated“credits”to low-income commuters and allows them to accumulate the credit value via giving up the tolled freeway and choosing arterial roads． The accumulated credits could be used to pay the future congestion fee on the freeway or the fare of public transit． In addition，the CBCP could be directly implemented on existing freeway without the need of extending new lanes，which was what the conventional CP does at the expense of long time and high investments． Thus，the CBCP provides higher capacity on all lanes rather than one or two lanes of the CP，and therefore CBCP could permit exemptions of buses，vans as well as carpools． To demonstrate the feasibility of the CBCP，an elaborate cost-benefit analysis was presented． The results show that the value of the benefit-cost ratio of the CBCP is higher than two schemes and rises considerably with the incremental level of congestion condition． Furthermore，a sensitivity analysis on the CBCP reveals that the speed of congested flow and the scale of the congested network have significant influences on the benefit-cost ratio of the CBCP． References | Related Articles | Metrics

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PID Simulation and Control Study on ABS Particle Swarm Optimization Based on Wheel Slip Ｒate Liu Zhiqiang，Tang Zhonggang 2013, 32(5): 1096-1100.  DOI: 10.3969 /j.issn.1674-0696.2013.05.43 Abstract ( )   PDF (640KB) ( )   Through analyzing the vehicle braking process and ABS working principle，the single wheel ABS simulation model was established in the MATLAB/Simulink environment． The anti-lock braking system with a PID controller and with a PSO optimization PID controller based on the slip rate were simulated and studied． The simulation results show that the anti-lock braking system with a PSO optimization PID controller has better slip rate and braking distance，comparing with the anti-lock braking system with a PID controller． The simulation results got by pilot test coincide with those got by the theoretical analysis． References | Related Articles | Metrics