Archive

20 April 2017, Volume 36 Issue 4 Previous Issue    Next Issue
---
Bridge & Tunnel Engineering
Highway & Railway Engineering
Port & Waterway · Hydraulic & Hydroelectric · Resources & Environment
Traffic & Transportation Engineering
Vehicle &Electromechanical Engineering


For Selected:

Download Citations EndNote Ris BibTeX

Toggle Thumbnails

Bridge & Tunnel Engineering

Select

Bend Fatigue Resistance Performance of Composite Pavement System with Steel Deck-Ultra Thin UHPC-TPO Layer LI Jia1,2，LI Jie1,3，CHEN Wei1，LI Shuyuang1 2017, 36(4): 1-6.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.16740696.2017.04.01 Abstract ( )   PDF (2069KB) ( )   Based on damage-fracture mechanics theory and Miner linear cumulative damage theory, the fatigue life prediction models of new pavement system were established, and the differences between two models were verified by the indoor flexural fatigue tests. The results show that when the fatigue life of actual steel deck-ultra thin UHPC-TPO bridge deck system is predicted, comparing with the Miner theory, the results obtained from the damage-fracture mechanics model are more reasonable and the estimated fatigue life is 14 465 700 times. At the same time, the fatigue test results show that after 3.907 million times and 4.301 million times of fatigue cycles respectively, the stiffness of two specimens decreases by 11.4% on average, and the residual strength decreases by 13% on average, while the bend fatigue resistance is fairly good. References | Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Influence of Crossbeam Effect on Vehicle-Bridge Coupled Vibration WANG Fan1, WU Honglin2 2017, 36(4): 7-11.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-0696.2017.04.02 Abstract ( )   PDF (1167KB) ( )   The simplified calculation model of additional roughness caused by crossbeam effect was proposed; the solution method for the vehicle-bridge coupled vibration considering the crossbeam effect was given. The problem that the modal synthesis method using truncated mode can’t reflect the vibration of bridge structures such as crossbeam and deck was solved. And different results considering the crossbeam effect or not were comprised and analyzed by case study. The non-dimensional parameter γ describing the change aptitude of deck system’s elastically supporting stiffness was introduced at the same time, and its influence on the vehicle-bridge coupled vibration was also studied. The results show that crossbeam effect is coupled with the vehicle-bridge vibration system, and its effect value increases with the increase of parameter γ according to high order. References | Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Strengthening Technique of Prestressing Hinged Piecewise Steel Arches for Arch Bridges PENG Kai1,QIAO Fenyi2,JIA Xiaofei3 2017, 36(4): 12-17.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-0696.2017.04.03 Abstract ( )   PDF (2384KB) ( )   A scale-down RC structure model of the arch rib from an old bridge in Xinjiang province was designed and fabricated, then the model was tested and numerically simulated under the loading of structural self weight, respectively with or without the strengthening process by means of a prestressing hinged piecewise steel arch (PHPSA). The variation conditions of indicators, such as the stress, the deflection of controlling cross-sections and the bending energy of the arch model, were comparatively investigated before and after strengthening. The test results indicate that, the overall normal stress levels on the controlling cross-sections of the arch model after strengthening decrease a lot compared with those before strengthening; the PHPSA method could effectively modify the deformed axis of the arch model under the structural self weight; furthermore, the bending energy of the arch model after strengthening goes down by 81%. In general, the PHPSA used to strengthen the arch model effectively shares the structural internal forces and optimizes the structural stress condition under self weight, thus it greatly promotes the compressive carrying capacity of the arch under live load. This strengthening technique has a significant effect on those spandrel arch bridges with poor shapes of arch axes or in undue stress conditions under structural self weight loadings, so it makes a good choice for the technical decision on the rehabilitation of worn arch bridges. References | Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Ventilation Technology of Long-Distance Inverter in Traffic Tunnel XING Rongjun1, XU Pai1, JIANG Shuping2, CHEN Hao2 2017, 36(4): 18-22.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-0696.2017.04.04 Abstract ( )   PDF (1267KB) ( )   The main function of traffic tunnel ventilation is to minimize the energy consumption to achieve the safety and health standards of tunnel operation, and to maintain the lifetime of the fan as long as possible. Firstly, the energy-consuming theory and the energy-saving principle of variable-frequency and speed-regulation technology were analyzed. And then, based on the problem occurred in the above technology, the essence of the problem was studied in detail. Therefore, a new technology of long-distance variable-frequency ventilation was proposed. Two kinds of inverters with domestic brands were equipped with the filter devices to drive the jet fan in the test. The results show that the filtering device can restrain the over-voltage and the waveform modification effect is obvious. Installing the filtering device at the inverter output can drive the long distance driving jet fan at any frequency, so as to make the tunnel fan operation energy-saving, reliable and stable. The new technology not only reduces the vibration and noise, but also prolongs the service lifetime of the fan. Finally, the feasibility of the proposed technology was verified by 1∶1 tunnel prototype test. References | Related Articles | Metrics

Highway & Railway Engineering

Select

Influence of Contact Form of Load on Mechanical Index of Pavement Structure YAN Kezhen, ZHAO Xiaowen, SHI Tingwei, LIU Jun 2017, 36(4): 23-29.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-0696.2017.04.05 Abstract ( )   PDF (4683KB) ( )   In traditional asphalt pavement structure mechanical model, the vehicle load was usually assumed as round, oval, rectangular, which had a certain difference with the actual pavement structure under non-uniform load of the real stress. Finite layer software 3D-Move Analysis was applied to set up the mechanical response model with viscoelastic material properties. Influence of different load contact forms on the shear stress of pavement structure, the road surface deflection, the tensile stress at the bottom of surface and the maximum compressive strain and position of subgrade top was comprised and analyzed under static load and dynamic load. The variation rule of the maximum value of each index was analyzed, when the horizontal force coefficient and axial load was changed. The results show that the maximum value and position of each mechanical index is quite different under different load state and contact form of load. When the vehicle drives at a constant speed, the mechanical index design in accordance with the traditional static load calculation is inclined to be safe. When vehicle brakes and starts up, the calculation result is larger than that with static load, and it continuously increases with the increase of horizontal force coefficient. Therefore, the design still according to the traditional static load results easily causes early damage phenomena such as rutting and fatigue crack. With different contact form of load, all mechanical indexes increase with the increase of axle load. References | Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Mixture Proportion Design of Epoxy Asphalt Mixture for Airport Based on Superpave RAN Wuping1,2，LI Ling1，GU Zhifeng2 2017, 36(4): 30-37.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-0696.2017.04.06 Abstract ( )   PDF (2517KB) ( )   Through the analysis of the principle and characteristics of Superpave mixture proportion design method and combining with the special aircraft load conditions, epoxy asphalt mixture proportion design of airport pavement was studied. The results show that design rotating compaction times are recommended to be 80 times by considering the particularity of the plane load. VA and VMA of design compaction times are selected as volume design indexes of epoxy asphalt mixture. The compaction degree of the initial rotation compaction times and the maximum rotating compaction times are selected as verification indexes of the optimal epoxy asphalt dosage. Finally, two aggregates were selected to carry out mixture proportion design and the optimal gradation was determined by comparison analysis. The optimum asphalt-aggregate proportion was determined to be 5.12%. References | Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Low Temperature Anti-cracking Performance and Water Stability of Hot Recycled Asphalt Mixture from Central Plant Mixing CHEN Long1, ZHU Jianyong2, HE Zhaoyi1, CHENG Yong3, CHEN Xianyong4 2017, 36(4): 38-44.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-0696.2017.04.07 Abstract ( )   PDF (1267KB) ( )   Through indoor experiments, the indicators of the old asphalt and old aggregate in RAP, the added asphalt, the added aggregate and the regeneration agent were detected. Marshall Test was applied to determine the optimum asphalt content of different types of hot recycled asphalt mixtures (AC-13 and AC-16C) from central plant mixing. Additionally, trabecular low-temperature bending test and freeze-thaw splitting test were used to analyze the low temperature anti-cracking performance and water stability of the recycled asphalt mixtures with different RAP percentages, different RAP types, as well as different conditions before and after second aging and adding recycling agent or not. The results show that with the increase of RAP, the low temperature properties of recycled asphalt mixture gradually decrease. The short-term water damage has little effect on its stability, but the long-term ability to resist water damage drops sharply. The influence of the old material type on the performance of the recycled asphalt mixture is not very relative. The improvement effect of the low temperature crack resistance and water stability of the mixture adding 7%～9% recycling agent are better than those of the 10% mixing ratio recycled mixture, which is basically close to the new asphalt mixture. The low temperature anti-cracking performance of the recycled asphalt mixture decreases rapidly after second aging. Though the mixture can still withstand short-term water damage, it has greater impact on the long-term water stability. Therefore, adding some proportion of the regeneration agent is suggested. Compared with AC-16C type, AC-13 type recycled asphalt mixture has better ability to resist the low temperature cracking and water damage, which is more suitable for the top layer. References | Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Research and Development of High-Tensile Composite Materials with Cracking Resistance Performance under Heavy Load Conditions LI Rukai1，CUI Lilong2，ZHOU Gang1，WANG Huoming1，CHEN Fei1 2017, 36(4): 45-50.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-0696.2017.04.08 Abstract ( )   PDF (1820KB) ( )   MTS fatigue loading test and rolling load fatigue loading test were used to evaluate the effect of 8 ordinary anti-cracking materials on the prevention and cure of reflective cracks of composite pavements. And then the best raw materials were selected to develop a new compound material DGQ, which was a kind of high- tensile composite material with cracking resistance performance under heavy load conditions. And its reflective resistance performance and anti-aging performance were verified through indoor MTS fatigue loading test. The results show that：taking final crack loading times as the evaluation criteria, galvanized iron mesh is the material with the best prevention and cure performance of reflective cracks in 8 materials; HZ/ZD-4 is secondary; and fiberglass-polyester cloth and fiberglass geogrid are less effective. The reflective cracking resistance performance and anti-corrosion property of DGQ material developed by galvanized iron mesh and H-typed functional materials are significant, and its construction can be done at room temperature. DGQ material is cost-effective and has good application prospects. References | Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Prediction Method of Vibration Velocity of Blasting in Soil Based on Numerical Simulation WEI Lianyu1, DONG Liying1, LI Hui1, FENG Lei2 2017, 36(4): 51-58.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-0696.2017.04.09 Abstract ( )   PDF (3382KB) ( )   For the fact of improper blasting vibration control easily leading to damage of surrounding buildings, the model of the prediction of vibration velocity in surrounding soils in blasting compaction construction was established, which took the vibration velocity as the main research content and was based on ANSYS/LS-DYNA dynamic finite element numerical simulation technology. The proposed model can predict the vibration velocity in soils surrounding the blast source accurately by inputting the parameters of soil, explosives and air, which effectively reduces the engineering investment in traditional prediction method. The proposed method is verified by blasting of Cheng-Chao high embankment compaction engineering. References | Related Articles | Metrics

Port & Waterway · Hydraulic & Hydroelectric · Resources & Environment

Select

Stability of Widening Dam of Tianxian Lake Face Rockfill Dam in Three Gorges Reservoir Area WANG Tao1, BI Zhiling1, WANG Peng2 2017, 36(4): 59-62.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-0696.2017.04.10 Abstract ( )   PDF (1248KB) ( )   Tianxian Lake face rockfill dam which lies in Three Gorges Reservoir is a typical reservoir dam. According to the specialty of the reservoir dam at the upstream and downstream water level, the influence caused by the water level of the Three Gorges Reservoir area as well as the new stability problems caused by the traffic after dam widening, the stability of downstream dam body after widening Tianxian Lake’s face rockfill dam was researched by strength reduction FEM method and limit equilibrium method, in the cases of different water level combinations, the water level plummet and the traffic loads. Calculation results show that when the upstream and downstream in water level combination stay low water level, the stability of dam body is lowest; the water level plummet makes the safety coefficients reduce, however, the safety coefficients are still higher than those of both the upstream and downstream at low water level; the dam body stability also decreases under the vehicle load at the top of the dam. All calculation results in the design condition satisfy the requirements of specification for stability, and the scheme of widening dam for vehicle operation is feasible. References | Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Calculation Method of Retaining Structure Composed by Single Row Pile-Platform-Wall WANG Junjie1,2, ZHAO Di1,2, YANG Heng1,2 2017, 36(4): 63-68.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-0696.2017.04.11 Abstract ( )   PDF (2435KB) ( )   Pile-platform-wall is a new kind of composite retaining structure, which has been used in actual engineering works, but its design calculation method is still immature. In traditional calculation, the pile foundation and platform connection were regarded as the hinge and the subgrade reaction was usually ignored in the calculation of bending moment, which was quite different from the actual situation. Based on the above situation, aiming at the single row pile-platform-wall structure, a new design calculation method was proposed, in which the subgrade reaction and the interaction between the pile and platform were considered. The reliability of the proposed method was verified by comprising its calculation results with those obtained from the finite element method in an actual engineering case. The results indicate that in the calculation process of bending moment of platform, bendingmoment and shearing force of pile foundation, both of the subgrade reaction and pile-platform interaction should be considered. References | Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Soil-Water Characteristics of Unsaturated Soil under Vertical Load WEI Song1, 2, 3, DENG Ao1, YAO Zhenxing1, XIAO Shuxia1, 3 2017, 36(4): 69-75.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-0696.2017.04.12 Abstract ( )   PDF (1076KB) ( )   Some research statuses of the influence of vertical stress on SWCC (soil-water characteristic curve) were summarized. The basic physical properties of soil samples of a certain building site in Hefei were tested. Compression test of the soil samples under equal vertical load or equal air pressure were completed by FGJ-20 SDSWCC. Interaction between vertical load and unsaturated soil-water characteristics was analyzed according to test results. Results indicate that different vertical loads lead to the difference of soil-water characteristic curves; the influence of vertical load on the soil water characteristic curve gradually reduces with the enhancement of suction; with the increase of vertical load, the parameter a and parameter m increase while the parameter n decreases, and a, m, n are parameters in Fredlund-Xing three-parameter model; the influence of vertical load on soil moisture content is related with the matric suction of soil, and the influence of different suction ranges needs to be considered in actual analysis process; in the condition of equal soil suction, the variation of the water content of soil tends to raise at first and then reduce gradually with the increase of the vertical load. References | Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Risk Assessment of Debris Flow Based on Decision Tree Theory ZHOU Zhongli1, ZHANG Qianrong1, 2, CAO Sainan2 2017, 36(4): 76-80.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-0696.2017.04.13 Abstract ( )   PDF (960KB) ( )   Debris flow is a kind of destructive natural disasters, and how to scientifically evaluate its influence factor and risk degree is very important. Aiming at “8.13” catastrophic debris flow at Qingping township in Mianzhu, the fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method and the maximum membership principle were used to determine the final evaluation results in the process of debris flow risk assessment. And then, taking evaluation results as decision attributes and impact factors as condition attributes, the debris flow risk assessment model was established, combined with rough set and decision tree theory. The results show that the main factors affecting the debris flow in Qingping township are the largest output of the debris flow and the residual solid loose material. At the same time, the risk assessment of debris flow can be completed quickly through the proposed model and the evaluation results are in agreement with the actual situation, which shows that using rough set and decision tree theory to evaluate the risk of debris flow is feasible. References | Related Articles | Metrics

Traffic & Transportation Engineering

Select

Simulation Research on the Optimal Scale of Port Inspection Facilities at Container Terminal ZHOU Yong1，WANG Wenyuan1，SONG Xiangqun1，YANG Bin2 2017, 36(4): 81-84.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-0696.2017.04.14 Abstract ( )   PDF (1521KB) ( )   Port inspection system is an essential and important component of foreign trade container terminal. The scale of inspection facilities is mainly determined by the experiences of port construction unit during the construction of inspection system. With the increase of foreign trade container throughput and the diversity occurred in the inspection process and parameters of ports, estimating the scale of inspection facilities empirically cannot guarantee the science and adaptability. The inspection process at container terminal was emulated by using simulation technique, to determine the optimal scale of port inspection facilities accommodating the scale of container terminal. The research results can provide decision-making reference for the planning and design of foreign trade container terminal and it will be of great importance in the development and construction of the port. References | Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Decision Making Model of Highway Design Based on Saving Land Theory LI Xia1, YANG Huaijun1, CUI Hongjun1, WANG Shien2, CUI Shichao2 2017, 36(4): 85-89.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-0696.2017.04.15 Abstract ( )   PDF (884KB) ( )   In order to realize the comprehensive evaluation of land economical use in highway design and its multi-objective decision making, a new evaluation method based on the improved entropy method was proposed to realize the optimal decision-making for the highway design. Combining with the characteristics of index, a multi-objective comprehensive evaluation based on the improved entropy-weighted technique for the highway alternative designs was carried out. Firstly, the concept of rational inter-region of index values was introduced; secondly, the normalization function of sample data was designed to achieve the standardization of index; thirdly, combined with the evaluation requirements of land economical use, the entropy-weighted calculation formula was improved according to the shortcomings of traditional entropy-weighted method; furthermore, the expert subjective and objective weighting entropy was combined to implement a comprehensive weighting entropy. Based on the above, a score function based on the membership degree of index was established to achieve the preference decision of expressway design programs, which can range the comprehensive evaluation of alternative schemes by score. In the end, a case study was carried out at a section of Da-Guang expressway, which proved the applicability of the proposed method. References | Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Application of GIS-BIM Technology in the Optimization Design of Road Network in Mountainous City XIONG Guikai, ZHU Lili, XUE Mei 2017, 36(4): 90-97.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-0696.2017.04.16 Abstract ( )   PDF (16991KB) ( )   The technology of geographic information system (GIS) and building information model (BIM) was used in the road-network optimization design in mountainous city to improve the design’s science and rationality. A geographic design method with roads and buildings information as model and with three-dimensional GIS as simulation analysis tool was established, which achieved the visualization simulation and analysis of BIM elements in large range of three-dimensional GIS scene. The road-network project of B Zone of Gangcheng Industrial Park in Chongqing was selected as a case study. By using GIS and BIM technology to optimize the design of the above road network, the project achieved the perfect integration among the road network, the surrounding terrain, landform and environmental landscape after the optimization. The application of the proposed technology also saved project investment 346 million Yuan. References | Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Penalty Function Algorithm for Solving the Mean-Standard Deviation Shortest Path Problem in Stochastic Traffic Network PAN Yiyong，MA Jianxiao 2017, 36(4): 98-101.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-0696.2017.04.17 Abstract ( )   PDF (1156KB) ( )   In order to reflect route choice behavior considering the reliability in traffic network, a mathematic model of shortest path problem in stochastic network was developed based on the mathematical programming and a penalty function algorithm was constructed to solve the constrained optimization problem. Firstly, a mathematical model of mathematical programming was established to reflect the reliable shortest path selection in stochastic network through defining the standard deviation as the part of the objective function; Secondly, the nonlinear constrained optimization problem was transformed into unconstrained optimization problem through introduction of penalty function and penalty factor; Thirdly, a quasi-Newton method is developed to solve the proposed problem; Finally, numerical experiments was carried out on the actual traffic network and the numerical results were analyzed. Numerical results show that the proposed algorithm is able to get exact solution of the optimal path. References | Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Residents’ Choice Behavior of Vehicle License Plate in Guangzhou Based on Nested Logit Model LI Jun, ZHANG Shuo, WU Pinjie, LAI Xinjun 2017, 36(4): 102-107.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-0696.2017.04.18 Abstract ( )   PDF (1010KB) ( )   Guangzhou is the only city in China which does not limit the non-local cars after the implement of vehicle purchase restriction measures. Because of this particularity, Guangzhou residents choose to lottery, auction or non-local car license plate. Based on the data of car purchase restriction and sampling questionnaires on the options, Guangzhou residents’ choice behavior of car license plate was analyzed. The nested Logit model based on residents’ choice of car license plate was established. The proposed model included the option that people obtained a car license plate in surrounding cities. Parameters of the model were estimated by weighted endogenous sample maximum likelihood(WESML) based on options. The influence of residents’ incomes, the urgency degree of demand, the cognition value of local car plate and other factors on the residents’ decision-making was quantitatively analyzed. The results indicate that：the proposed model and method are superior to the traditional multinomial Logit model and the general maximum likelihood method, which can describe and predict people’s car plate choice behaviors more appropriate. References | Related Articles | Metrics

Vehicle &Electromechanical Engineering

Select

High Polymer Micro-porous Filtration Technology of Automobile Fuel and Its Filter Element Design CHEN Chongjiong 2017, 36(4): 108-113.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-0696.2017.04.19 Abstract ( )   PDF (1505KB) ( )   According to the defects of the short service life of paper filtering core and obligatory replacement after being jammed, a new technology of precise micro-porous filtration of automobile fuel based on the high polymer filtering material was developed. Meanwhile, the filtering core with inner and outer layers of filter tubes and with bypass valve was designed in structure, which realized double filtration as well as single filtration when the outer layer was blocked. Key realization technologies were proposed, including high polymer precise micro-filtration technology, filter core manufacture, structure design, working principle, main technical characteristics, etc. The proposed technology and its new filter core have many advantages, such as high filtration accuracy, fast filtration speed, good chemical resistance, simple structure, low cost, micro-porous regeneration and long service life. References | Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Development of Servomotor Driven Shaking Table and Performance Assessment of Its System WANG Hai, WANG Yongzhi, LIU Huida, KOU Yuping, YUAN Xiaoming, SUN Rui 2017, 36(4): 114-120.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-0696.2017.04.20 Abstract ( )   PDF (2127KB) ( )   Comprising with electrohydraulic driven shaking tables in main stream at present, the servomotor driven shaking table has many advantages, such as compact structure, quiet energy supply, simple maintenance and broad spectrum, which are important in developing the new generation of shaking tables. A new servomotor driven shaking table developed in cooperation with ANCO was introduced and it had a 2.2m×1.2m shear platform able to shake a soil sample of 2 t. Its testing system was equipped with rigid and shear containers, micro CPT and SPT as well as DPT devices. To comprehensively evaluate the whole performance of the shaking table, series of experiments with empty platform, dry sand and saturated sand were designed and performed. The results show that the system has good control effect in repeatability and reliability to random waves, and its output characteristics are observed to relate with iteration times, amplification times and loading quality. The spectral ratios of acceleration time histories indicate that saturated sand layers have significant amplification effect at periods above 1s compared with dry sand layer, especially as pore water pressure reaches the peak value. It is observed that the rigid container has critical end wall effect, and a pair of vertical accelerometers with a distance of 0.2m to the end walls monitor considerable opposedphase motions. References | Related Articles | Metrics