Journal of Chongqing Jiaotong University(Natural Science)

The Prospect of Building “Southing Channel” in Southwest China

HUANG Zhendong

2019, 38(11): 1-5. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.16740696.2019.11.01

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Customer demand is the basic starting point of logistics organization. Four basic needs of customers were introduced. First of all, three problems which needed to be solved to reduce the logistics costs were put forward: ① the problems existing in the industrial layout of China; ② the problems of the logistics industry itself, that is, to establish a moderately advanced comprehensive transportation system; ③ the investment problems faced by the construction of transportation infrastructure. Secondly, based on the analysis of the current situation of the Yangtze River water transportation in Chongqing, the farreaching significance of the construction of “southing channel” in Chongqing were pointed out, and two specific research issues were proposed: ① making full use of Guangxi Beibu Gulf port to develop container business; ② the collection and distribution system of “southing channel” was based on highway transportation, with railway transportation as the backbone and waterway transportation as the auxiliary. Finally, the prospect of the threedimensional development of water, land and air in Western China was prospected.

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Architecture of a New Generation of Artificial Intelligence Traffic Signal Controller

ZHANG Lili, WANG Li

2019, 38(11): 6-13. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-0696.2019.11.02

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Aiming at the existing problems of signal controller based on traditional traffic control theory, the architecture and design concept of a new generation artificial intelligence traffic signal controller based on edge computing, scene-driving and traffic control resourcing were proposed. Firstly, a new concept of scene-driving and traffic control resourcing based on artificial intelligence perception and decision-making needs was proposed, so as to realize the effective combination of artificial intelligence and traffic signal control. The technical architecture of the intelligent traffic signal controller was reconstructed by introducing edge computing technology. Secondly, the hardware and software structure of traffic signal controllers were studied and designed by edge computing technology and SD (scene driven, software defined) technology. Finally, the theoretical and technical problems that needed to be solved in the next step were elaborated in detail. The research results provide basic support and research ideas for the application of artificial intelligence in the field of urban traffic control.

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Evolution Analysis of Road Network Faults under Emergency Conditions —— Taking Tongzhou Urban Road Network as an Example

WAN Wei1, HUANG Yuchen1, WANG Zhenhua1, ZHANG Ke2, LI Mengqi1

2019, 38(11): 14-20. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-0696.2019.11.03

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In order to quantify the fault evolution rule of road traffic network, an analysis method of cascading failure of traffic network based on the coupled mapping lattice (CML) was proposed. Using L-space method, taking intersection as node and road as edge, the urban road network in Tongzhou city was abstractly dealt with. The characteristics of the urban road network in Tongzhou city were analyzed by using node degree K, node betweenness B and node strength S. Considering the influence of road network topology and flow characteristics comprehensively, a fault evolution model based on CML was proposed, and the influence law of cascading failure of road network under different combination of external disturbance and coupling strength was analyzed by simulation. The research indicates that: the larger the external disturbance R is, the more likely cascade failure will occur. The successive fault threshold is 1.6 at the maximum node of the deliberate attack betweenness B and 1.8 at the maximum node of the deliberate attack intensity S, which indicates that the topological network is more unstable than the flow distribution network, and the nodes with large betweenness must be protected. When the coupling coefficient ζ2 of weighted flow distribution is unchanged, no matter how the network topology coupling coefficient ζ1 changes, cascade failure will occur in road network, and the time and diffusion speed of successive failures in network are consistent. On the contrary, when ζ1 is unchanged, with the increase of ζ2, cascade failure will occur more easily.

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Prediction Method of Car Ownership Based on Double Logistic Curve Model

DAI Xuezhen, WANG Yan, PENG Zhipeng, CHENG Hongbo

2019, 38(11): 21-26. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-0696.2019.11.04

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The development of economy and the improvement of peoples living standard led to a rapid growth of car ownership, which caused many problems such as urban traffic jam, energy shortage and environmental pollution. The premise of solving these problems was the objective and accurate prediction of car ownership in the future. In order to ensure the accuracy of prediction, the double Logistic curve model was used to predict the number of households. By analyzing the quantitative relationship between the number of households and the number of cars, the maximum range of car ownership in the future was determined. Finally, combining with the historical data of cars in Xian over the years, the future car ownership in Xian was forecasted. The prediction results show that the proposed method can objectively and dynamically reflect the development trend of car ownership in the future according to the trend of population growth. The car ownership in Xian will also grow rapidly, and the extreme value of car ownership will reach about 6.26 million in the coming year.

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Fatigue Damage Analysis of Rib-to-Deck Weld Joints of Steel Bridge Deck Considering Load Influence Surface

JI Bohai, XU Jie, YAO Yue, FU Zhongqiu

2019, 38(11): 27-33. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-0696.2019.11.05

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In order to study the effect of the load influence surface on fatigue damage analysis of rib-to-deck weld joints of steel bridge deck, a finite element segment model of steel bridge deck was established. And the fatigue damage characteristics of rib-to-deck weld joints were studied by applying the wheel load. The longitudinal stress distribution of weld was compared and analyzed under different transverse positions e of wheel load. The load influence surface of rib-to-deck weld joints was studied. The influence of over-welded hole structure on the fatigue damage degree D of rib-to-deck weld joints was analyzed. Based on horizontal distribution of wheel tracking, the fatigue damage degree D of weld under wheel loads was calculated and compared with the calculated results of the Specification. The research indicates that the stress transverse influence range of rib-to-deck weld joints is about 750mm, and the longitudinal range is about the distance between 2 transverse diaphragms. The setting of over-welded holes can reduce the local stress of the weld, but it will greatly increase the fatigue damage degree of the weld. It is suggested that the influence range of transverse load distribution e=750 mm should be selected. The fatigue damage degree D calculated from the proposed method is more than 10% larger than that calculated according to the Specification. The effect of transverse distribution of wheel tracking on fatigue damage of rib-to-deck weld joints is considered more comprehensively.

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Study on Load Transverse Distribution Rule of New Small Box Girder before and after Hinge Joint Damage

ZHOU Jianting, ZHANG Huabin, CHEN Lei, ZHANG Yuanyuan

2019, 38(11): 34-40. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-0696.2019.11.06

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A new type of transverse diaphragm structure was proposed for the existing prefabricated small box girder bridge. The influence of the new diaphragm structure and the traditional diaphragm structure on the force transmission and load distribution of the small box girder bridge was studied by large-scale model test. And then the mechanical performance and force transmission mode of the small box girder were comprehensively discussed by using the three-dimensional solid finite element numerical simulation technology, and the results were compared with the test results. The results show that the hinge joint damage has a great influence on the lateral distribution of the load of the small box girder bridge. The stress distribution of the new diaphragm structure is still close to that of the traditional diaphragm structure after all three hinge joints are damaged. The new diaphragm construction can not only provide higher lateral stiffness, but also has stronger resistance to the consequence of hinge joint disease than the traditional diaphragm structure.

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Seismic Fragility Analysis of Self-anchored Suspension Bridge Based on Incremental Dynamic Analysis

YAN Lei, CAO Lei, YANG Kai

2019, 38(11): 41-45. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-0696.2019.11.07

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Self-anchored suspension bridge is a kind of flexible structure system with high-order statically indeterminate structure. Current codes only give seismic design principles, and there are few related vulnerability studies. Taking the three-tower self-anchored suspension bridge as the research object, the finite element dynamic model of the structure was established. Based on PEER strong earthquake database, 10 ground motion records were selected. Incremental dynamic analysis (IDA) method was used to establish the seismic vulnerability curves of piers, supports, pylons and suspension members along the bridge. The vulnerability curves of bridge system were established by first-order reliability theory. The results show that the damage probability of piers and supports is higher under the action of seismic wave along the bridge. From easy to difficult, the damage probabilities of components are bearings, P1, P5 piers, hangers, side towers, and middle towers. The overall damage probability of the structure is obviously higher than that of the components under different damage indices.

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Structural Analysis and Engineering Application of Permeable Ribbed Multi-arch Tunnel

YOU Ji1, YU Fei2

2019, 38(11): 46-51. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-0696.2019.11.08

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Taking the Nanshan Tunnel of Ji-Guang expressway as the engineering background, an environment-friendly mountain-side multi-arch tunnel structure with permeable ribs was proposed. The deformation, stress characteristics and structure stability of the proposed tunnel structure under different excavation conditions were analyzed by finite element numerical simulation method, and the construction scheme of “first dark then bright” was put forward. Research result shows that the proposed tunnel structure adopts multi-arch rib lining to form a closed bearing ring, and the integral middle partition wall with larger stiffness provides the support force of the vault rock mass, and the structure stress system is complete, so the design scheme is feasible. The practical application of Nanshan Tunnel verifies the feasibility of the construction scheme of “first dark then bright”. Its successful construction provides a new idea for the structure selection of environment-friendly mountain-side tunnel, and improves the constraints of the design of mountain-side road route selection.

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Preparation and Photocatalytic Properties of Fe-Doped g-C3N4 Photocatalyst

CAO Xuejuan1,2, SHAN Bailin1, DENG Mei1, TANG Boming1

2019, 38(11): 52-57. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-0696.2019.11.09

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Photocatalyst g-C3N4 has attracted wide attention due to their ability to degrade automotive exhaust. However, its low degradation efficiency in the road has limited its application. The high activity photocatalyst Fe-C3N4 was prepared by modifying g-C3N4 with metal elements, and it was applied on the road surface by the dispersion spray method. The photocatalytic activity of Fe-C3N4 was evaluated by the NO degradation rate. The results indicate that when Fe content is 1%, the degradation rate of NO is 75.43%, which is significantly higher than that of g-C3N4 (50.78%). The spectra of UV-Vis and PL show that Fe doping changes the band structure of g-C3N4, reduces the band gap energy and improves the utilization of visible light. The spectra of XRD and FT-IR show that Fe doping does not change the crystal structure of g-C3N4. It is observed by SEM that Fe doping improves the agglomeration of g-C3N4 and refines the grain size, which increases the specific surface area. No degradation test was carried out on the asphalt samples sprayed with the dispersion. The results show that the dispersion spraying method has a better practical degradation effect.

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Further Study on the Calculation of Principal Stresses and Their Direction Cosines

WANG Kai

2019, 38(11): 58-62. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-0696.2019.11.10

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Up to now, there are two methods for calculating principal stresses and their direction cosines at home and abroad: calculating formulation method and Jacobi method. Firstly, the calculation of characteristic value and characteristic vector in linear algebra and the calculation of principal stresses and their direction cosines in elasticity were introduced. By comparing the two calculation processes, the mathematical origin of the two methods was discussed. It is found that in the process that calculating formulation method or Jacobi method is used to calculate the direction cosines of principal stresses at present, in fact, only one set of solutions of two sets of direction cosine solutions of principal stresses are calculated. Only when the other set of solutions is complemented, the complete calculation results can be obtained. Secondly, some dozens of numerical examples under various mechanical conditions were calculated by using the calculating formulation method in NESCP (N-layer Elastic System Computer Program) computer program compiled by author and Jacobi method in BISAR（BItumen Structures Analysis in Roads）computer program well-known in the world, and four examples were listed. The calculation results show that the calculation results of the above two methods are very close under various mechanical conditions. Whether the calculating formulation method or Jacobi method is used, the calculation results of the principal stresses and their direction cosines can be obtained accurately enough.

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Regression Analysis of Annual Variation of Asphalt Pavement Temperature Field Based on Measured Data

LIANG Naixing, YU Jingyang, YU Wei, LI Yuan

2019, 38(11): 63-68. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-0696.2019.11.11

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In order to accurately predict the temperature field of pavement structure, a year-long data acquisition of temperature and temperature field in pavement structure of an expressway in Yunnan Province was carried out. Based on the measured temperature data and the double sinusoidal function model, a modified double sinusoidal function model was established with considering the influence of annual variation of solar radiation angle on temperature. Comparisons between the calculated values and the measured data of double sinusoidal function model before and after modifying were carried out. Based on the modified double sinusoidal function model, considering heat transfer loss and hysteresis, a sunny temperature field model of asphalt pavement was established, which was based on the average air temperature and air temperature amplitude. The calculated results and measured data of the sunny temperature field model of asphalt pavement were compared and analyzed. The results show that both the modified double sinusoidal function model and the sunny temperature field model of asphalt pavement have high accuracy. And the calculation results of the sunny temperature field model of asphalt pavement can better reflect the changing law of temperature field of asphalt pavement in different months, which can provide reference for the research of temperature stress of asphalt pavement and the design of asphalt pavement.

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Field Test and Numerical Simulation of Retaining Wall on Widening Subgrade in Mountain Area

FENG Zhongju1，WANG Xiqing1，LU Jia1，ZHANG Xiaozhou2，CHANG Yinghong2

2019, 38(11): 69-75. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-0696.2019.11.12

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Aiming at the problem of gravity shoulder retaining wall setting under widening and rebuilding roadbed of mountainous highway, the analysis model was established by field test and numerical simulation, combining with G307 reconstruction and extension project. The stress and deformation characteristics of subgrade and retaining wall were studied. The reliability of the numerical analysis results was verified by comparing the numerical simulation results with the field measured values. At the same time, the related design and construction parameters were analyzed. The results show that the stability of the fill subgrade decreases with the widening width within a certain width limit; the stability of roadbed and retaining wall can be greatly improved by reasonably controlling the compaction degree and the selection of filling materials; the working performance of the roadbed and retaining wall can be improved by controlling the excavation of the soil mass of the old roadbed slope; the horizontal displacement of the wall body can be reduced by replacing the foundation with a certain depth.

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Experimental Study on Propagation Characteristics of Landslide-Induced Wave in Curved River Channels

YUAN Peiyin1,2, WANG Pingyi1, ZHAO Yu1,3

2019, 38(11): 76-81. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-0696.2019.11.13

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The geological environment of high and steep bank slope is complex , the scale diversity is large. The changes of water level in channel river, erosion of water body and long-term infiltration of water body are easy to cause large deformation of bank slope, decrease of stability and even collapse. The high-speed impact of the landslide into the reservoir area will affect the hydraulic structure, passing ships and land buildings to a certain extent, even over the dam body, resulting in dam collapse. By means of single factor physical model orthogonal test, the ultrasonic wave collector was independently developed and designed to analyze the characteristics of landslide initial surge, to investigate the nonlinear effect of landslide-induced wave and bank slope, and to study its propagation and development law. The research shows that the peak and trough of landslide-induced wave are steep and the wave axis is asymmetric up and down; the larger width of landslide mass, the more sufficient energy exchange between landslide body and water is in the process of sliding; the smaller the energy loss of landslide mass sliding, the higher the height of landslide surge is; the thicker the landslide mass, the larger the volume of landslide mass is; the larger the energy of landslide mass sliding, the higher the height of landslide surge is. The research results can provide some guidance for water conservancy project construction and flood control planning.

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Solar Radiation Simulation Method for Hydraulic Concrete Structure

XIE Zhiqiang1, 2, FU Zhi1, 2, LV Xingdong1, 2

2019, 38(11): 82-89. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-0696.2019.11.14

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Solar radiation can greatly aggravate the inhomogeneity of temperature distribution of hydraulic concrete structures. It is very important to make clear the influence of solar radiation to promote the precise simulation analysis and grasp the behavior of the structure, especially for hydraulic concrete structures located in high altitude areas of Tibet. In view of the problem that the accuracy of the current approximate algorithm was insufficient, the sunshine radiation simulation methods of temperature stress of concrete structures were systematically combed on the basis of the summary of the existing research results. The fast algorithm of intersection judgment was introduced to improve the simulation efficiency of the structure illuminated process, and the corresponding calculation program was developed. The reliability of the algorithm and program was verified by field experiments and numerical examples, and the necessity of precise simulation of solar radiation was demonstrated.

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Development and Test Analysis of a New Portable Borehole Shear Equipment

ZHANG Jianjing1 , MA Donghua1 , ZENG Pengyi1, SUN Yanjun2, HE Meng2

2019, 38(11): 90-97. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-0696.2019.11.15

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There is a strong demand for portable in-situ test equipment in Chinas survey field. For this reason, Based on the analysis of the advantages and disadvantages of existing equipment abroad, a new type of portable drilling shearing instrument was developed, and a large number of experiments in the indoor model box and field were carried out. By comparing the results of borhole shear test with those of direct shear test and tri-axial test, it is found that all the correlation coefficients of data fitting obtained from borehole shear test are greater than 0.98, and their discreteness is smaller than that of direct shear test; the obtained cohesion and internal friction angle are 30%-50% and 10%-25% less than those of the indoor direct shear test respectively, and 9% and 2% less than those of the tri-axial test. For the above results, based on the analysis of the boundary conditions and sample failure criteria of the three tests, the explanation of the difference of the test results was given, and the applicable scope and precautions of the proposed instrument were proposed.

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Evaluation of Terminal Area Utilization Rate Based on Entropy Method

ZHANG Zhaoning,CHEN Weibo

2019, 38(11): 98-103. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-0696.2019.11.16

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In order to promote airspace management level of terminal area and quantitatively evaluate the utilization rate of terminal area airspace, an evaluation system of utilization rate of terminal area was constructed based on the operation conditions of terminal area. Based on the entropy method, a gray calculation model of airspace utilization rate of terminal area was established to overcome the shortcomings of the traditional evaluation method that the weight coefficient was not objective. Based on the data of one day in the terminal area of a typical international airport in China, the hourly utilization rate was evaluated, and the hourly utilization rate and the trend of the terminal area were obtained. The research shows that the evaluation result is close to the actual operation, which can highlight the change of utilization rate in the terminal area in one day and the influence of abnormal weather on utilization rate.

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Evolutionary Game Analysis on Setting High-Occupancy Toll/Lanes Based on Carpool Mode

ZHOU Lizhen1, ZHANG Qiaoge1, XU Tiandong1,2

2019, 38(11): 104-110. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-0696.2019.11.17

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In view of the issue of private car travel mode selection, HOT (high-occupancy toll/ lanes) lanes features were introduced. An evolutionary game model of strategic choice between management departments and travelers was constructed. The influence of management costs, charging policy, choosing HOT lanes by solo drivers and other related factors on the evolution results was analyzed. The results show that: 1) the steady state of final convergence under different initial ratios is (1, 1), and the larger the initial ratio, the faster the convergence speed; 2) the charging for non-combiners, the management costs, and the ratio of the non-combiners who choose driving on HOT lanes will have a greater impact on the outcome of the game; 3) when the charge for non-combiners is higher than a certain value, it is the best game state for the management department to set HOT lanes and the travelers to choose the carpool mode, which provides a reference for the management department to set HOT lanes to encourage the travelers to choose the carpool mode and make toll policy.

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Minimum Length of Highway Common Segment

YANG Shaowei1,2,CHEN Hao1,PAN Binghong1,2,LAI Hongzhi1,ZHAO Yaru1

2019, 38(11): 111-117. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-0696.2019.11.18

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In order to avoid the traffic disorder and safety accident caused by the short length of the highway common section, the construction of the highway common segment was analyzed and the influence factors of the minimum length of highway common segment were studied. The maximum length of interleaving area was determined by analyzing the configuration and the ratio of interleaving flow.Based on the most unfavorable driving conditions of drivers,the distance needed for safe lane change between common segments of highway was studied. The calculation method of waiting for insertable gap was established by using the theory of calculus, probability and traffic flow.By analyzing the maximum length of interleaving area and the safe lane change, the calculation model for calculating the minimum length of the highway common segment was established. Based on the number of lanes, the construction of common segment and the design speed, the recommended value of minimum length of common segment was proposed. The results show that with the increase of the design speed and the number of lanes,the length of the weaving area and the length required for lane change increase, and the minimum length of highway common segment is longer.

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Factor Analysis and Related Factors Study on Electric Bicycle Risk Driving Behavior

WANG Tao1, LI Wenhao1, XIE Sihong1, CHEN Jun2

2019, 38(11): 118-126. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-0696.2019.11.19

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In order to research the risk driving behavior of electric bicycle, the E-bike Rider Behavior Questionnaire (ERBQ) was compiled and 573 valid questionnaires were obtained. Exploratory factor analysis was carried out on the questionnaire of risk driving behavior to extract the public factors of the questionnaire. The results show that the risk perception of E-bike drivers is composed of three factors: probability assessment, worry degree and risk degree. Driving confidence is composed of two factors: technical ability and judgment ability. Safety attitude is composed of three factors: traffic rules, safety responsibility and herd mentality. Risk driving behavior is composed of four factors: negligence and error, illegal behavior, aggressive behavior and gaining leading position. The main results of the correlation analysis between the scores of each aspect factor and the characteristics of drivers are as follows: male drivers have more frequent illegal behaviors and leading behaviors; with the increase of age, drivers have less leading behaviors, but more illegal behaviors. Lower-educated drivers have more aggressive behaviors, while high-educated drivers have more illegal behaviors. Whether or not driving a motor vehicle before has no significant impact on risk driving behaviors. The higher the driving frequency, the lower the risk perception, but the more positive the safety attitude.

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Multi-objective Lightweight Design of Vehicle Door Based on RBF Neural Network Model

LI Jun, LENG Chuan

2019, 38(11): 127-132. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-0696.2019.11.20

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Taking a light bus door as the research object, its finite element model was set up in HyperMesh software. The stiffness and modal analysis of the door were carried out. Taking the thicknesses of the key parts obtained from the partial factorial design of experiment as the design variables, the sample data was designed by the method of Hammersley test design. RBF neural network model was used to fit the approximate models of door mass, first-order modal frequency, second-order modal frequency, upper torsional stiffness, lower torsional stiffness, lateral bending stiffness and sinking stiffness response. Based on the approximate models and multi-objective genetic algorithm, the optimization goal for a lightweight door was gained with minimizing door mass and maximizing first-order modal frequency as optimization objectives, door stiffness and second-order modal as constraints.

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Power Logic Threshold Control Strategy of Compound Power System for Pure Electric Vehicle

CHEN Qingzhang1，WANG Zhengyi1,2，WANG Kang1，WANG Shang1

2019, 38(11): 133-138. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-0696.2019.11.21

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Under the road condition of frequent start and stop, the electricity of super capacitor bank consumed too much in pure electric vehicle compound power supply. A Logic threshold power control strategy was put forward; PID closed-loop control method was used to control the output power of the battery and reduce the power consumption of the super capacitor bank. A compound power supply model with power control strategy was built on Matlab/Simulink software. The simulation results show that the power control strategy effectively reduces the SOC descent speed of the super capacitor bank. The proposed system works stably, the response speed is fast, and the control accuracy is high.

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A High Performance Speed Control Method Based on Fuzzy-PI of IPMSM for BEV

TAN Lin1, LIU Ping2, CUI Shuai1

2019, 38(11): 139-144. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-0696.2019.11.22

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The dynamic and static characteristics and robustness of the interior permanent magnet synchronous motor (IPMSM) in the full speed range have a great influence on the operation of BEV. A fuzzy-PI control method with self-tuning parameters was designed and simulated in the virtual environment of MATLAB / Simulink. The results show that compared with the fixed PI control, the fuzzy-PI controller improves the dynamic and steady performance of IPMSM servo speed control system in the whole speed range, and has strong robustness to external interference such as load change and motor parameter change, so it is more suitable for the operation characteristics of BEV.

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