Abstract: Using?dynamic?mesh?technology?and?VOF?method,?the?valve?opening?process?of?high?head?lock?is?simulated?successfully?by?means?of?k-ε?turbulence?model.?The?temporal?and?spatial?changing?rule?of?the?hydraulic?parameters,?such?as?the?flow?pattern,?the?flow?velocity?and?the?pressure?and?the?dangerous?region?and?time?in?which?cavitation?erosion?and?flow?induced?vibration?occur?is?studied.?0.4?of?valve?opening?ration?is?the?worst?time?during?the?valve?opening?process,?for?there?are?sources?of?noise?at?the?little?gap?behind?valve,?root?edge?below?valve?and?sharp?angle?of?bank,?where?the?high?speed?flow?and?dangerous?cavitation?erosion?also?occur.?The?front?part?of?ceiling?has?the?lowest?negative?pressure?when?valve?opening?ration?is?about?0.?5,?which?also?has?the?risk?of?cavitation?erosion.?When?valve?opening?ration?is?0.?8,?the?end?of?rise?step?is?the?most?dangerous?cavitation?erosion?region?and?the?pressure?is?up?to?negative?120.?75?kPa.?So?the?suggestion?that?the?tunnel?pattern?should?be?further?optimized;the?valve?should?be?quicker?opened?to?shorten?the?duration?of?negative?pressure?;?and?protective?measures?should?be?taken?to?prevent?the?cavitation?erosion?is?proposed.

Key words: foundational subject of hydraulic engineering ;turbulent numerical simulation ;dynamic mesh ;cavitation erosion , valve , ship lock ;

摘要： 采用动网格技术和VOF方法对高水头船闸阀门开启过程进行非恒定流三维紊流数值模拟,研究阀门段水流 急变分离的流态、流速、压力等水力特性参数的时空演化规律,以及出现空蚀与流激振动的危险区域和时刻。研究 表明,阀门工作最不利开度是04,阀门后狭缝、阀门下底缘及跌坎角处是流噪声源,也是空蚀风险区;开度05时 突扩体顶板上游侧区域有负压,有空蚀风险;空蚀最危险区域在突扩体升坎反弧末端,最不利工况下,开度08时 负压高达12075kPa。建议进一步对突扩体型进行优化,运行中采用阀门快开方式减小负压持续时间,采取工程 措施加强空蚀区的防护。

关键词: 水利工程基础学科, 紊流数值模拟, 动网格, 空蚀, 阀门, 船闸