Abstract: For the traditional equalization system, the control is complex and the equilibrium speed is slow. Combined with fuzzy control and PID control theory, a fuzzy PID control battery equalization system with peaking shaving and valley filling mode was proposed. The fuzzy PID algorithm was used to modulate the duty cycle (PWM) of the MOS transistors to achieve the optimal control of the equalization current. The equilibrium strategy of the equalization system was analyzed and the working principle of the equalization circuit was verified by establishing the peaking-shaving and valley-filling equalization system. Taking the SOC consistency of the battery as the equilibrium target, the equalization control simulation was carried out under the charging and discharging conditions of the 6-cell lithium-ion battery cells, and compared with the equalization system without fuzzy PID control. The simulation results show that the fuzzy PID control equalization system can reduce the inconsistency between battery packs and significantly shorten the equalization time. During the charging process, the equalization speed is increased by 47.1%; during the discharging process, the equalization speed is increased by 39.7%.

Key words: vehicle engineering, fuzzy PID algorithm, equalization speed, fuzzy control, peaking equalization

摘要： 针对传统均衡系统控制复杂、均衡速度慢等问题，结合模糊控制和PID控制理论，提出了模糊PID控制的削峰填谷式电池均衡系统。模糊PID算法用于调制MOS管的占空比(PWM)，进而实现均衡电流的最佳控制。通过搭建削峰填谷式均衡系统，分析了均衡系统的均衡策略，验证了均衡电路的工作原理。以电池荷电状态（State of charge, SOC）一致性作为均衡目标，对6节锂离子电池单体进行充电和放电两种工况下的均衡控制仿真，并与未加模糊PID控制的均衡系统对比。仿真结果表明：模糊PID控制的均衡系统可以降低电池组之间的不一致性，明显缩短均衡时间。在充电过程中，均衡速度提高了47.1%；在放电过程中，均衡速度提高了39.7%。

关键词: 车辆工程, 模糊PID算法, 均衡速度, 模糊控制, 削峰均衡