Abstract: Asphalt pavement uniformity is an important factor affecting its road performance and service life. In order to evaluate the uniformity of asphalt pavement quickly, accurately and efficiently, the principle of digital image processing technology, system composition and the influencing factors of image acquisition were described, the asphalt pavement uniformity evaluation methods based on digital image processing technology at home and abroad were analyzed, and the future development direction were looked forward to, including the optimization of image processing algorithms, the enhancement of the efficiency of data processing and the wider application of deep learning technology. The research results show that the digital image processing process focuses on image enhancement and image segmentation, and its accuracy and applicability need to be further improved. The acquisition of digital images is affected by factors such as the acquisition height, light intensity and shooting angle. The existing evaluation indexes for the uniformity of the pavement are mainly from the perspectives of the aggregate distribution state and the texture structure of the pavement to establish the corresponding evaluation methods, but the unified standard has not yet been formed. Comprehensive use of digital image processing technology can provide new perspectives and solutions for the evaluation of asphalt pavement uniformity, and powerful support for real-time monitoring of road engineering quality and construction guidance.

Key words: highway engineering; digital image processing; asphalt pavement uniformity; evaluation methods; image segmentation

摘要： 沥青路面均匀性是影响其路用性能和使用寿命的重要因素。为快速、准确和高效地评价沥青路面的均匀性，阐述了数字图像处理技术原理、系统组成以及图像采集的影响因素；分析了国内外基于数字图像处理技术的沥青路面均匀性评价方法；展望了未来的发展方向，包括图像处理算法优化、数据处理效率提升和深度学习技术的更广泛应用。研究结果表明：数字图像处理过程重点在于图像增强和图像分割，其精确性和适用范围需进一步提高；数字图像的采集受采集高度、光照强度、拍摄角度等因素的影响；已有的路面均匀性评价指标主要从集料分布状态和路面纹理构造2个角度建立对应的评价方法，但尚未形成统一标准。综合运用数字图像处理技术，可为沥青路面均匀性评价提供新的视角和解决方案，为道路工程质量的实时监控与施工指导提供有力支持。

关键词: 道路工程；数字图像处理；沥青路面均匀性；评价方法；图像分割