Abstract: Based on the orthogonal experiment design method，five raw materials including barite powder，quartz sand，gypsum powder，laundry detergent，bentonite and water were chosen to perform the mixture ratio tests of soft soil similar material in the model test.The physical and mechanical indexes such as the density，cohesion and internal friction angle of similar materials with different ratio were obtained.The method of extremum difference analysis and variance analysis were adopted to analyze the sensitivity and significance of various factors.The influence rule of various factors on the index of similar materials was studied.The results show that the properties of similar materials with different ratio vary within a large range，which can meet the requirements of soil similar materials in most of the model tests.There is a little difference between the analysis results of the extreme difference method and the variance method，but the general rule is consistent.The density of similar materials is primarily controlled by the bentonite content.The cohesion is significantly affected by the aggregate-blinder ratio，and the internal friction angle is obviously affected by the bentonite content，water content and barite powder content.The test results provide reference for the configuration of similar materials in other similar model tests.

Key words: geotechnical engineering, similar material, orthogonal design method, model test, extremum difference analysis, variance analysis

摘要： 基于正交试验设计方法，以重晶石粉、石英砂、石膏、洗衣液、膨润土和水为原料，配置了模型试验中的软弱土质相似材料，获得了不同配比相似材料的密度、黏聚力和内摩擦角等物 理力学指标。采用极差法和方差法分析了各因素的敏感性和显著性，研究了各因素对相似材料指标的影响规律。研究表明：不同配比的相似材料各参数指标分布范围较大，能够满足大部分模 型试验中土质相似材料的要求；极差法与方差法的分析结果存在少许差别，但总体上反映的规律一致；膨润土掺量对相似材料的密度指标起主要控制作用，骨胶比因素对材料的黏聚力影响最 大，膨润土掺量、含水量和重晶石粉掺量对内摩擦角的影响相当。试验结果为其他类似模型试验中土质类相似材料的配置提供了参考。

关键词: 岩土工程, 相似材料, 正交设计方法, 模型试验, 极差分析, 方差分析