Equilibrium Model of Taxi Market Considering Traffic Congestion

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1674-0696.2019.01.12

Abstract

Abstract: In order to measure the effect of traffic congestion on the equilibrium outcomes in the taxi market, the equilibrium model of taxi market including cruise car and online-booking taxi in traffic congestion environment was constructed, by using the Cobb-Douglas production function as the expression of matching function. The examples show that increasing the average speed of the two types has different effects on customers waiting time, taxis vacant time and the proportion of the E-hailing and roadside hailing customers, but both can improve the social welfare of the taxi system. Furthermore, increasing the average speed of the occupied taxi has a more significant effect on improving the social welfare of taxi system when traffic congestion is serious.

Key words: traffic engineering, traffic congestion, equilibrium model, average customer waiting time, cruising taxi, online-booking taxi

摘要： 为了衡量交通拥堵对出租车市场均衡结果的影响，采用柯布—道格拉斯型生产函数作为匹配函数的表达形式，构建了交通拥堵环境下的包含巡游车与网约车的出租车市场均衡模型。算例表明，提高两类平均行驶速度对乘客等待时间、出租车空驶时间以及乘客占比具有不同的影响，但均能提高出租车系统的社会福利。在交通拥堵较为严重时，提高载客出租车平均行驶速度对提升出租车系统社会福利的效果更为显著。

关键词: 交通工程, 交通拥堵, 均衡模型, 平均乘客等待时间, 巡游车, 网约车

CLC Number:

U492.434

TIAN Lijun, ZHAN Xiaobin. Equilibrium Model of Taxi Market Considering Traffic Congestion[J]. Journal of Chongqing Jiaotong University(Natural Science), 2019, 38(01): 76-82.

田丽君，詹晓斌. 考虑交通拥堵的出租车市场均衡模型[J]. 重庆交通大学学报（自然科学版）, 2019, 38(01): 76-82.

References

［1］ DOUGLAS G W. Price regulation and optimal service standards: the taxicab industry ［J］. Journal of Transport Economics & Policy, 1972, 6(2): 116-127.
［2］ VANY A S D. Capacity utilization under alternative regulatory restraints: an analysis of taxi markets ［J］. Journal of Political Economy, 1975,83(1): 83-94.
［3］ YANG H, WONG S C. A network model of urban taxi services ［J］. Transportation Research Part B: Methodological, 1998, 32(4): 235-246.
［4］ YANG H, YE M, TANG W H, et al. Regulating taxi services in the presence of congestion externality ［J］. Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice, 2005,
39
(1): 17-40.
［5］边扬, 王炜, 陆建. 城市出租车运营网络平衡模型［J］. 交通运输工程学报, 2007,7(1): 93-98.
BIAN Yang, WANG Wei, LU Jian. Equilibrium model of urban taxi service network ［J］. Journal of Traffic and Transportation Engineering, 2007, 7(1): 93-98.
［6］钱勇生, 牛惠民, 周波. 城市出租车容量控制集合模型及应用［J］. 武汉理工大学学报(交通科学与工程版), 2007,31(2): 367-369.
QIAN Yongsheng, NIU Huimin, ZHOU Bo. Set-model improvement of urban taxi capacity ［J］. Journal of Wuhan University of Technology(Transportation Science &
Engineering), 2007,31 (2): 367-369.
［7］慕晨, 宣慧玉, 张发. 出租车运营中空车行为的仿真研究［J］. 系统工程学报, 2008,23(5): 554-562.
MU Chen，XUAN Huiyu，ZHANG Fa. Simulation study on impacts of vacant taxi behavior on system performance ［J］. Journal of Systems Engineering, 2008, 23(5):
554-
562.
［8］罗端高, 史峰. 考虑需求分布影响的城市出租车运营平衡模型［J］. 铁道科学与工程学报, 2009,6(1): 87-91.
LUO Duangao, SHI Feng. A taxi service network equilibrium model with the influenced of demand distribution ［J］. Journal of Railway Science and Engineering, 2009(1):
87
-91.
［9］杨英俊, 赵祥模. 基于出租车运行信息的城市出租车运量投放计划模型［J］. 中国公路学报, 2012,25(5): 120-125.
YANG Yingjun, ZHAO Xiangmo. Schedule model of urban taxi quantity based on taxi running information ［J］. China Journal of Highway and Transport, 2012, 25
(5):120-
125.
［10］杨英俊, 赵祥模. 基于小波神经网络的出租车保有量预测模型［J］. 公路交通科技, 2012,29(8): 136-141.
YANG Yingjun, ZHAO Xiangmo. Prediction model of taxi holding capacity based on wavelet neural network ［J］. Journal of Highway and Transportation Research and
Development, 2012, 29 (8): 136-141.
［11］ YANG T, YANG H, WONG S C, et al. Returns to scale in the production of taxi services: an empirical analysis［J］. Transportmetrica A : Transport Science,
2014,10(9):
775-790.
［12］度巍, 王先甲, 刘炳全. 信息系统下出租车运营市场网络均衡模型［J］. 交通运输系统工程与信息, 2014,14(3): 91-96.
DU Wei, WANG Xianjia, LIU Bingquan. Equilibrium model of urban taxi service network with information systems ［J］. Journal of Transportation Systems Engineering
and
Information Technology, 2014, 14(3): 91-96.
［13］曹祎, 罗霞. 基于打车软件使用率的出租车运营速度分析［J］. 重庆交通大学学报(自然科学版), 2015,34(6): 123-127.
CAO Yi, LUO Xia. Taxi operation speed analysis based on the usage rate of taxi-hailing apps ［J］. Journal of Chongqing Jiaotong University(Natural Science), 2015, 34(6):
123-127.
［14］曹祎, 罗霞. 考虑信息收益的手机召车软件市场渗透率研究［J］. 系统工程理论与实践, 2016,36(9): 2355-2361.
CAO Yi, LUO Xia. Determination of taxi-hailing applications market penetration with consideration of information benefit ［J］. System Engineering Theory & Practice,
2016,
36 (9): 2355-2361.
［15］ HE F, SHEN Z J M. Modeling taxi services with smartphone-based e-hailing applications ［J］. Transportation Research Part C: Emerging Technologies, 2015,58:
93-
106.
［16］ WANG X, HE F, YANG H, et al. Pricing strategies for a taxi-hailing platform ［J］. Transportation Research Part E: Logistics and Transportation Review, 2016, 93:
212-
231.
［17］ YANG H, LEUNG C W Y, WONG S C, et al. Equilibria of bilateral taxi-customer searching and meeting on networks ［J］. Transportation Research Part B:
Methodological, 2010,44(8/9): 1067-1083.

[1]	TANG Jiqiang1,2, ZHONG Xinwei2, LIU Jian1, LI Tianrui3. Short Term Forecast of Rail Transit Passenger Flow Based on Time Series Seasonal Classification Model [J]. Journal of Chongqing Jiaotong University(Natural Science), 2021, 40(07): 31-38.
[2]	QI Chunhua, WANG Xiaonan, ZHU Shoulin, LI Hangtian. Traffic Engineering Facility Information Threshold Based on Drivers Visual Area of Interest [J]. Journal of Chongqing Jiaotong University(Natural Science), 2021, 40(07): 53-60.
[3]	DENG Tianmin1, ZHU Jie2, ZHU Kaijia1, QU Zhihua3. Driving Style Recognition Method Based on iForest and Bisecting K-means Combined Algorithm [J]. Journal of Chongqing Jiaotong University(Natural Science), 2021, 40(06): 1-6.
[4]	XU Maozeng, ZHANG Li. Identification of Road Section Congestion Influence Based on Bijective Soft Decision Theory [J]. Journal of Chongqing Jiaotong University(Natural Science), 2021, 40(06): 7-11.
[5]	WANG Tao1, XIE Sihong1, LI Wenhao1,2, LI Wenyong1. Short-Term Traffic Flow Adaptive Prediction Model Based on FFOS-ELM and PF [J]. Journal of Chongqing Jiaotong University(Natural Science), 2021, 40(06): 21-27.
[6]	ZHANG Cheng1, WANG Chengyin1, CHEN Zhiwei2, ZHANG Zhengxiang3, ZHANG Zilei3. Mining Method of Key Nodes of Urban Road Network Based on Spatial-Flow Degree [J]. Journal of Chongqing Jiaotong University(Natural Science), 2021, 40(06): 28-35.
[7]	WANG Yonggang, ZHANG Heng, PENG Zhipeng, ZHOU Wanqi. Analysis of Influencing Factors of Taxi Accidents Based on Structural Equation Model [J]. Journal of Chongqing Jiaotong University(Natural Science), 2021, 40(06): 36-42.
[8]	ZHU Shunyin, LI Weiji, LIN Xiaoyuan, XIAO Wenbin, WANG Hong. Setting No Re-inspection Control Point for Tourist Vehicles in Characteristic Towns [J]. Journal of Chongqing Jiaotong University(Natural Science), 2021, 40(06): 52-58.
[9]	PAN Binghong1,2, HU Wei1, REN Hui1, SHAN Huimin1. Truck Side-Slip Velocity Model in Curve Road Section Based on TruckSim Simulation [J]. Journal of Chongqing Jiaotong University(Natural Science), 2021, 40(05): 38-45.
[10]	WU Wenjing, SUN Renchao, ZONG Fang, JIA Hongfei. Subjective Attitude Identification and Impact Analysis of Residents Low-Carbon Commuting Travel [J]. Journal of Chongqing Jiaotong University(Natural Science), 2021, 40(05): 53-58.
[11]	LI Jun, DENG Yuxin. Cluster Analysis of Taxi Spatiotemporal Behavior Based on Non-negative Matrix Factorization [J]. Journal of Chongqing Jiaotong University(Natural Science), 2021, 40(05): 59-65.
[12]	CHENG Wei1, LIU Xiang1, LEI Jianming2. Optimization of Cycle Length of Intersection Signal Based on RBF Neural Network Prediction [J]. Journal of Chongqing Jiaotong University(Natural Science), 2021, 40(04): 13-18.
[13]	SHI Tianliang, WANG Wenguang. Information View and Particle Swarm Optimization Algorithm in Urban Traffic Congestion [J]. Journal of Chongqing Jiaotong University(Natural Science), 2021, 40(04): 19-25.
[14]	HE Yulong1, 2, LIU Lei1,2, CHI Jiaxin1,2. Risk of Vehicle Lane Change Behavior on Highway [J]. Journal of Chongqing Jiaotong University(Natural Science), 2021, 40(04): 26-33.
[15]	WANG Lu1, CHEN Xiaoxin2, LI Huaen1. Critical Speed of Vehicles Running Stably on Expressway in the Weather of Rain and Snow under Strong Wind [J]. Journal of Chongqing Jiaotong University(Natural Science), 2021, 40(04): 34-40.