Abstract: Aiming at the problems of different cities with different benefits of conventional public transport and low benefits of some cities, the DEA model with 10 indexes as influencing factors was established on the basis of the statistical data of public transport in each city, considering the influence objects such as travelers, government departments and public transport companies. The 10 indexes included the daily average passenger traffic volume of conventional public transport on the ground, the ownership rate of public transport for ten thousand people, the density of public transport network, the coverage rate of stations, the share rate of public transport for residents, and the public transport lines, waiting time per capita, average transfer times, non-linear coefficient, and daily average exhaust emissions. The public transport operation conditions of 8 cities in China were evaluated and relevant conclusions were obtained. The research shows that the data envelopment analysis method (DEA) is suitable for super-efficiency analysis of conventional bus traffic benefits in different cities. The analysis shows that the efficiency value of Xi’an is the largest and Shantou is the smallest; in addition, the public transport efficiency values of Xining, Taiyuan and Jilin are roughly the same. The research results are helpful to find out the reasons for the low efficiency of urban public transport and provide theoretical basis for improving the service level of urban public transport operation.

Key words: traffic engineering, public transit, traffic benefits, DEA model, index system, super-efficiency analysis

摘要： 针对不同城市常规公交交通效益大小不一、部分城市交通效益较低等问题，基于各城市公交统计数据，兼顾出行者、政府部门、公交公司等影响对象，建立以地面常规公交日均客运量、万人公交拥有率、公交线网密度、站点覆盖率、居民出行公交分担率、公交线路数、人均候车时间、平均换乘次数、非直线系数、日均尾气排放量10个指标为影响因素的DEA模型，对全国8个城市的公交运营情况进行评价并得出相关结论。研究表明：数据包络分析方法(DEA)适用于对不同城市的常规公交交通效益进行超效率分析，分析得到西安的效率值最大，汕头的效率值最小，另外西宁、太原、吉林3个城市公交交通效率值大致相同；研究结果有助于寻求导致城市公交交通效益较低的原因，为提高城市公交运营服务水平提供理论基础。

关键词: 交通工程, 公共交通, 交通效益, DEA模型, 指标体系, 超效率分析