Abstract: In order to realize the collaborative improvement of traffic safety and efficiency in urban extra-long tunnels, a dynamic guidance model for urban extra-long tunnel lanes considering differences in vehicle types was proposed. Firstly, based on the spatial distribution characteristics of tunnel accidents, the urban extra-long tunnel was subdivided into multiple sections, and the guidance area for vehicle lane changing was clearly defined. Then, based on the principle of cellular automata, a lane-change model and a speed induction model based on NS model optimization were constructed by taking a one-way three-lane tunnel as the research object, to guide the lane selection and speed adjustment of vehicles under different traffic flow conditions. Finally, Chongqing Shuangbei Tunnel was selected as the empirical object, COM interface of VISSIM software was used for secondary development, and the simulation platform was constructed to compare and analyze the indicators before and after the guidance, such as traffic collision rate, standard deviation of speed, average travel time and average speed. The results show that after the implementation of lane dynamic guidance, the traffic conflict rate is significantly reduced by 20.9%, the maximum standard deviation of vehicle speed is reduced by 3.24km/h, the average travel time is shortened by 3.7%~16.1%, and the average vehicle speed is increased by 5.1%~14.5%. Especially in the case of high-density traffic flow, the dynamic guidance strategy shows a more significant optimization effect, and the improvement of small vehicles is more prominent, which confirms the practicability and effectiveness of the proposed method.

Key words: traffic and transportation engineering; urban extra-long tunnel; NS model; lane change model; speed induction

摘要： 为了实现城市特长隧道的交通安全与效率协同提升，提出考虑车型差异的城市特长隧道车道动态诱导模型。首先，基于隧道事故的空间分布特性，将城市特长隧道细分为多个区段，并明确车辆换道的诱导区域；然后，基于元胞自动机原理，以单向三车道隧道为研究对象，构建基于NS模型优化的换道模型和车速诱导模型，以引导车辆在不同交通流条件下的车道选择和速度调整；最后，选取重庆双碑隧道作为实证对象，利用VISSIM软件的COM接口进行二次开发，构建仿真平台，对比分析诱导前后的交通冲突率、车速标准差、平均行程时间及平均车速等指标。结果显示：车道动态诱导实施后，交通冲突显著降低了20.9%，车速标准差最高缩减3.24 km/h，平均行程时间缩短3.7%~16.1%，平均车速提升5.1%~14.5%。尤其在高密度交通流情形下，动态诱导策略展现出更为显著的优化效果，且对小型车辆的改善更为突出，证实了所提方法的实用性和有效性。

关键词: 交通运输工程；城市特长隧道；NS模型；换道模型；车速诱导