Abstract: The rapid development of the global air transport industry has made the contradiction between the continuous growth of flight volumes at hub airports and the lagging supply of near stands. Near stands are core scarce resources, and the conflict between the limited supply of near stands and the demand for aircraft parking urgently needs resolution. Towing scheduling, as a key measure for improving stand utilization rate, plays a vital role in alleviating resource constraints. With the primary objectives of enhancing the bridge utilization rate and reducing the cost of towing operations, dynamic and static constraints such as stand allocation restrictions and towing effectiveness were comprehensively considered. Integrating the improved genetic algorithm with Monte Carlo tree search, the temporal-spatial distribution graph of flights based on the clustering patterns of long-stay flights was designed to rapidly solve optimal single-stand allocation schemes. Furthermore, a collaborative decision-making model for stand allocation and towing scheduling based on stand priority sequences was constructed. Finally, historical data from Beijing Daxing International Airport was used for case verification. The results demonstrate that the proposed algorithm increases the bridge rate by 3.3% on average and reduces overall towing operations by approximately 22.7%, compared to current solutions. The sequence reuse strategy reduces the solving time to 11% of conventional iterations, while ensuring superior performance metrics.

Key words: traffic and transportation engineering; airport scene operation; towing scheduling; stand allocation; multi-objective optimization; improved genetic algorithm

摘要： 全球航空运输业快速发展，枢纽机场航班量持续增长导致其与近机位供给滞后的矛盾日益突出。近机位作为核心稀缺资源，其有限供给情况与航班停靠需求的矛盾亟待破解； 拖曳调度作为提升机位利用率的关键手段，对缓解资源紧张具有重要作用。以提升靠桥率并降低拖曳作业成本为主要目标，综合考虑机位分配约束及拖曳有效性等动静态约束，融合改进的遗传算法与蒙特卡洛树搜索，并基于长停航班聚集规律，设计航班时空分布图以快速求解单机位最优分配方案，构建基于机位优先级序列的机位分配与拖曳调度协同决策模型，最后以北京大兴国际机场历史数据进行实例验证。结果表明：笔者算法使靠桥率较现行方案平均提升3.3%，拖曳次数整体降低约22.7%； 序列复用策略使求解时间在保证指标优越的前提下缩短至常规迭代的11%。

关键词: 交通运输工程； 机场场面运行； 拖曳调度； 停机位分配； 多目标优化； 改进遗传算法