Abstract: In order to study the distribution characteristics of group fallout loaded by vehicle in the traffic accident，a vehicle simulation impact test device was designed on the basis of the domestic and international automobile impact test benches. According to the requirements of collision speed in the simulation collision test device，the selection of three-phase induction motor and the strength of the traction rope were calculated，and the simulation of the whole system was carried out by using ANSYS/LS-DYNA software. The results show that the proposed test device can accelerate the test vehicle to a required crash speed within a certain distance and can simulate the frontal impact of vehicle at low speed，which meets the requirements of relevant national laws and regulations. Moreover，the proposed test device has enough strength and can be used repeatedly.

Key words: vehicle engineering, automobile collision, group fallout, distribution characteristics, simulation verification

摘要： 为研究交通事故中车载群体散落物的分布特征，在参照国内外汽车碰撞试验台的基础上，设计了汽车模拟碰撞试验装置。根据模拟碰撞试验装置中 碰撞速度的要求，对三相异步电机的选取和牵引绳的强度进行了计算，并用ANSYS/LS-DYNA软件对整个模拟碰撞试验装置进行仿真。结果表明：该试验装 置可以使试验车在一定的距离内加速到规定的碰撞速度，能够模拟汽车低速下的正面碰撞，并满足有关国家法规的要求。试验车具有足够的强度，可以重 复使用。

关键词: 车辆工程, 汽车碰撞, 群体散落物, 分布特征, 仿真验证