Abstract: Aiming at the crashworthiness of a certain pure electric SUV aluminum alloy energy-absorbing box in low-speed frontal collision conditions, the low-speed structure frontal impact simulation of the pure electric SUV was carried out by using the method of computer simulation analysis, according to the European RCAR low-speed crash test regulations. The deformation and energy absorption of the aluminum alloy energy absorbing box of the proposed electric vehicle SUV was analyzed. Moreover, according to the RCAR test requirements and the principle of optimization of the energy-absorbing box, four energy absorbing box optimization schemes were designed. According to the crashworthiness evaluation index of the energy absorbing box, the crashworthiness of the four optimization schemes of the aluminum alloy energy absorbing box was analyzed through quantitative standards. The research results show that the aluminum alloy energy-absorbing box in the initial model of the proposed pure electric SUV has poor crashworthiness and serious damage to the body structure after the collision. The four optimization schemes are compared and analyzed, the aluminum alloy energy absorbing box in the scheme 4 has the best crashworthiness at low speed, which has been obviously improved compared with the initial model.

Key words: vehicle engineering, crashworthiness, electric SUV, aluminum alloy energy absorbing box, RCAR low speed collision, optimized design

摘要： 针对某款纯电动SUV铝合金吸能盒在低速正面碰撞工况中耐撞性问题，笔者应用计算机仿真分析的方法，根据欧洲的RCAR低速碰撞测试规程，对该纯电动SUV进行了低速结构正面碰撞仿真模拟研究，分析了该电动车SUV铝合金吸能盒的变形和吸能情况，并根据RCAR测试要求以及吸能盒优化原则，设计了4种吸能盒优化方案，根据吸能盒的耐撞性评价指标，通过量化的标准分析4种优化方案铝合金吸能盒的耐撞性能。研究结果表明：该纯电动SUV初始模型中的铝合金吸能盒耐撞性较差，碰撞后造成车身结构损坏严重；对比分析4种优化方案，方案四铝合金吸能盒低速碰撞耐撞性最好，相比于初始模型耐撞性明显提高。

关键词: 车辆工程, 耐撞性, 电动SUV, 铝合金吸能盒, RCAR低速碰撞, 优化设计