Abstract: In order to create a more attractive pedestrian environment, the three-factor theory and topological set theory were used to analyze the difference of pedestrian demand for the environment of residential and office walkway. Firstly, a walkway satisfaction index system was constructed and the pedestrian satisfaction survey was carried out. Secondly, according to the overall satisfaction, the pedestrians were divided into two groups, including satisfaction ones and dissatisfaction ones. And the artificial neural network was used to determine the effect coefficient W of influencing factors of satisfaction of the two groups. Finally, based on the three-factor theory, the elastic coefficient a of influencing factors was proposed and analyzed. According to a, the demand for walkway can be divided into three categories: basic demand, development demand and incentive demand. According to the trend of the elastic coefficient curve of the influencing factors, the demand characteristics of pedestrian for residential and office walkway were analyzed by using the topological set theory. The results show that: in terms of basic demand, pedestrians have accessibility requirements for both residential and office walkway; in terms of development demand, pedestrians pay more attention to the beauty, comfort and safety of residential walkway, while the convenience of office walkway is required; the performance of residential and office walkway in incentive demand is opposite to that in development demand.

Key words: traffic engineering, urban traffic, demand characteristics, three-factor theory, residential walkway, office walkway

摘要： 为创建更具吸引力的步行环境，运用三因素理论及拓扑集合论分析了行人对居住型和办公型步行道环境需求特性的差异。首先，构建了步行道环境满意度指标体系，开展行人满意度调查；其次，根据总体满意度将行人分为满意及不满意2个群体，并用人工神经网络确定了这2个群体的满意度影响因子作用系数W；最后，基于三因素理论，提出并计算了影响因子弹性系数a，根据a将步行道需求分为基本型需求、发展型需求和激励型需求等3类，根据影响因子弹性系数曲线的走势，并用拓扑集合论对比分析了行人对居住型和办公型步行道需求特性。结果表明：在基本型需求方面，行人对居住型和办公型步行道均有通达性要求；在发展型需求方面，行人更加注重居住型步行道的美观性、舒适性和安全性，而对办公型步行道则要求便捷性；居住型和办公型步行道在激励型需求中的表现与在发展型需求中的表现相反。

关键词: 交通工程, 城市交通, 需求特性, 三因素理论, 居住型步行道, 办公型步行道